Construcción de las masculinidades en un grupo de hombres de la población indígena Maleku
Fecha
2021-08
Autores
Agüero Salazar, Jocelyn
Alvarado Cantero, Carlos
Argüello Borbón, Natalia
Jiménez Agüero, Yolainy
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
El presente trabajo está enfocado al tema de masculinidades en la población indígena maleku, se parte de dos componentes importantes para su desarrollo, el tema del género, donde se trabaja el desarrollo de las masculinidades como parte del marco teórico, haciendo referencia a la existencia de un abanico de posibilidades o de formas de vivenciar el género, excluyendo la idea de una masculinidad hegemónica y única, y el aspecto referente a los pueblos indígenas como población. Esta propuesta se desarrolla con el referente conceptual de la psicología social de la liberación, dirigida hacia un trabajo social libre de prejuicios, siendo los pueblos los portadores del conocimiento. Respetando esta premisa, se realizó una propuesta desde un enfoque cualitativo, bajo el método fenomenológico. Por lo tanto, se orienta al abordaje de la realidad partiendo del marco de referencia interno del individuo, es decir el aspecto subjetivo de cada persona. Para la metodología se utilizaron las historias de vida, entrevistas a profundidad, grupos de discusión y fotobiografía como herramientas para la recolección de la información. En cuanto a los resultados, se observa que el ser un hombre maleku está determinado por la cultura, con el ideal de hombre protector, proveedor y procreador, con cualidades como la honradez, obediencia, hombre trabajador y valiente. Por lo tanto, es posible concluir que la construcción de las masculinidades en los hombres maleku está determinada por su cosmovisión y relatos cosmogónicos, los cuales dan sentido a su historia como territorio indígena, sus comportamientos y creencias se encuentran establecidas de acuerdo a los relatos, en los cuales se orienta la formación no solo del hombre maleku, sino de la población en general.
The present work is focused on the issue of masculinities in the Maleku indigenous population, it starts from two important components for its development, the issue of gender, where the development of masculinities is worked as part of the theoretical framework, referring to the existence of a range of possibilities or ways of experiencing gender, excluding the idea of a hegemonic and unique masculinity, and the aspect referring to indigenous peoples as a population. This proposal is developed with the conceptual reference of the social psychology of liberation, directed towards a social work free of prejudices, with the peoples being the bearers of knowledge. Respecting this premise, a proposal was made from a qualitative approach, under the phenomenological method. Therefore, it is oriented to the approach of reality starting from the internal frame of reference of the individual, that is, the subjective aspect of each person. For the methodology, life stories, in-depth interviews, discussion groups and photobiography were used as tools for collecting information. Regarding the results, it is observed that being a maleku man is determined by culture, with the ideal of a protector, provider and procreator, with qualities such as honesty, obedience, a hard-working and brave man. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that the construction of masculinities in maleku men is determined by their worldview and cosmogonic stories, which give meaning to their history as indigenous territory, their behaviors and beliefs are established according to the stories, in which the formation not only of the maleku man, but of the population in general is oriented.
The present work is focused on the issue of masculinities in the Maleku indigenous population, it starts from two important components for its development, the issue of gender, where the development of masculinities is worked as part of the theoretical framework, referring to the existence of a range of possibilities or ways of experiencing gender, excluding the idea of a hegemonic and unique masculinity, and the aspect referring to indigenous peoples as a population. This proposal is developed with the conceptual reference of the social psychology of liberation, directed towards a social work free of prejudices, with the peoples being the bearers of knowledge. Respecting this premise, a proposal was made from a qualitative approach, under the phenomenological method. Therefore, it is oriented to the approach of reality starting from the internal frame of reference of the individual, that is, the subjective aspect of each person. For the methodology, life stories, in-depth interviews, discussion groups and photobiography were used as tools for collecting information. Regarding the results, it is observed that being a maleku man is determined by culture, with the ideal of a protector, provider and procreator, with qualities such as honesty, obedience, a hard-working and brave man. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that the construction of masculinities in maleku men is determined by their worldview and cosmogonic stories, which give meaning to their history as indigenous territory, their behaviors and beliefs are established according to the stories, in which the formation not only of the maleku man, but of the population in general is oriented.
Descripción
Palabras clave
MALEKU, PSICOLOGÍA SOCIAL, GENERO, MASCULINITIES, INDIGENOUS, SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, PSYCHOLOGY OF LIBERATION, GENDER, WORLDVIEW, MASCULINIDAD, INDÍGENAS