Evaluación clínica y de laboratorio para la identificación de hongos causantes de micosis zoonóticas en felinos domésticos de Costa Rica
Fecha
2017
Autores
Solís Jiménez, Doina
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica.
Resumen
Se realizó una práctica dirigida de 400 horas en el Laboratorio de Micología de la Escuela de
Medicina Veterinaria de la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica, la cual estuvo enfocada en el
aislamento e identificación de hongos causantes de micosis superficiales zoonóticas mediante
evaluación clínica y de laboratorio de felinos domésticos de ambiente interno, externo y mixto
de todas las provincias del país.
El estudio se orientó a dermatofitos y a Sporothrix spp. Se obtuvo muestras del pelambre,
cavidad oral, uñas y lesiones de 123 felinos de los cuales 33 (26.8%) presentaron lesiones en
distintas partes del cuerpo; 21 (17.1%) gatos resultaron positivos por dermatofitos de los cuales
13 (62%) presentaron lesiones y ocho (28%) eran asintomáticos.
Se realizaron exámenes microscópicos directos y cultivos micológicos a las muestras de 30
gatos con lesiones, de los que se obtuvo ocho (26.6%) resultados positivos a dermatofitos: siete
(23.3%) al examen directo y ocho (26.6%) al cultivo micológico. Además se realizaron pruebas
complementarias utilizando tinciones (Giemsa, Gram y tinta china) que fueran de mayor
utilidad para cada caso.
Se cultivaron un total de 380 muestras que incluyeron costras, tejido, pelambre, uñas e
hisopados de cavidad oral. Microsporum canis fue el dermatofito más frecuentemente
identificado, aislado en nueve felinos (42.8%), seguido por M. gypseum en seis (28.5%),
Trichophyton eriotrephon en cuatro (19%), y Trichophyton mentagrophytes y Trichophyton
rubrum en un felino cada uno (4.7%).
A 400 hour internship in the Mycology Laboratory from the School of Veterinary Medicine of the National University of Costa Rica was perfomed, focused on the clinical and laboratory approach of zoonotic superficial mycoses from indoor, outdoor and mixed environment domestic felines from every region of the country. The research was oriented on dermatophytes and Sporothrix spp. Hair, oral cavity, nail and lesion samples were obtained from 123 felines from which 33 (26.8%) showed lesions in different body parts; 21 (17.1%) cats tested positive for dermatophytes from which 13 (62%) showed lesions and eight (28%) were asymptomatic. Direct mounts and cultures were implemented using scrapings from 30 cats with lesions; eight (26.6%) positive results were obtained: seven (23.3%) from direct mounts and eight (26.6%) from cultures. In addition complementary techniques using specific stains depending on the case (Giemsa, Gram and Indian Ink) were used. 380 samples were cultivated; Microsporum canis was the most frecuent isolated dermatophyte in nine cats (42.8%), followed by Microsporum gypseum in six (28.5%), Trichophyton eriotrephon in four (19%) and Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton rubrum in one cat (4.7%) each one.
A 400 hour internship in the Mycology Laboratory from the School of Veterinary Medicine of the National University of Costa Rica was perfomed, focused on the clinical and laboratory approach of zoonotic superficial mycoses from indoor, outdoor and mixed environment domestic felines from every region of the country. The research was oriented on dermatophytes and Sporothrix spp. Hair, oral cavity, nail and lesion samples were obtained from 123 felines from which 33 (26.8%) showed lesions in different body parts; 21 (17.1%) cats tested positive for dermatophytes from which 13 (62%) showed lesions and eight (28%) were asymptomatic. Direct mounts and cultures were implemented using scrapings from 30 cats with lesions; eight (26.6%) positive results were obtained: seven (23.3%) from direct mounts and eight (26.6%) from cultures. In addition complementary techniques using specific stains depending on the case (Giemsa, Gram and Indian Ink) were used. 380 samples were cultivated; Microsporum canis was the most frecuent isolated dermatophyte in nine cats (42.8%), followed by Microsporum gypseum in six (28.5%), Trichophyton eriotrephon in four (19%) and Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton rubrum in one cat (4.7%) each one.
Descripción
Modalidad: Práctica Dirigida
Palabras clave
FELINOS, HONGOS, ENFERMEDADES PRODUCIDAS POR HONGOS, MICOLOGÍA VETERINARIA, DERMATOFITOS, DIAGNÓSTICO (MEDICINA VETERINARIA), DIAGNOSTICO DE LABORATORIO (MEDICINA VETERINARIA), PRUEBAS DE LABORATORIO, COSTA RICA