Ecología de las especies ícticas más importantes en la margen costarricense del Río San Juan
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Fecha
2005
Autores
Ross Salazar, Erick
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Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica)
Resumen
El Río San Juan, en el Atlántico Norte de Costa Rica, posee diversas especies de importancia comercial, como lo son el tepemechín (Agonostomus monticola), la machaca (Brycon guatemalensis), el bobo (Joturus pichardi), el roncador (Pomadasys crocro), el sábalo real (Megalops atlanticus) y el gaspar (Atractosteus tropicus; Bussing, 1998). Por lo que es necesario identificar las especies que tiene mayor presencia en el río y reconocer sus zonas de reclutamiento, características de reproducción y alimentación, sus hábitos alimenticios y sus interacciones con otras especies. La pesca artesanal, de subsistencia y deportiva es una actividad importante en la zona; no solo para los pescadores locales que disfrutan de sus beneficios económicos en el mercado, sino también para la actividad turística, que atrae a muchas personas. Razón por la cual es de vital importancia identificar las zonas de reclutamiento, de reproducción y de alimentación de las especies de importancia comercial en esa región. De esta manera, se les puede otorgar la protección necesaria, para que estas etapas importantes de su ciclo de vida, no se vean afectadas por el desarrollo rural. Las actividades humanas que se realizan, pueden afectar los hábitats y recursos disponibles para las poblaciones de peces, al alterar física, química o biológicamente áreas importantes. De igual manera, la sobrepesca en lugares no aptos, puede acabar con las zonas de reclutamiento de diversas especies, al extraer individuos de tallas inmaduras, que no se han reproducido por primera vez.
The San Juan River, in the North Atlantic of Costa Rica, has various species of commercial importance, such as the tepemechín (Agonostomus monticola), the machaca (Brycon guatemalensis), the bobo (Joturus pichardi), the roncador (Pomadasys crocro) , the royal tarpon (Megalops atlanticus) and the gaspar (Atractosteus tropicus; Bussing, 1998). Therefore, it is necessary to identify the species that have the greatest presence in the river and recognize their recruitment areas, reproduction and feeding characteristics, their eating habits and their interactions with other species. Artisanal, subsistence and sport fishing is an important activity in the area; not only for the local fishermen who enjoy its economic benefits in the market, but also for the tourist activity, which attracts many people. This is why it is of vital importance to identify the recruitment, reproduction and feeding areas of the species of commercial importance in that region. In this way, they can be granted the necessary protection so that these important stages of their life cycle are not affected by rural development. Human activities that are carried out can affect the habitats and resources available for fish populations, by physically, chemically or biologically altering important areas. Similarly, overfishing in unsuitable places can end the recruitment areas of various species, by extracting individuals of immature sizes, which have not reproduced for the first time.
The San Juan River, in the North Atlantic of Costa Rica, has various species of commercial importance, such as the tepemechín (Agonostomus monticola), the machaca (Brycon guatemalensis), the bobo (Joturus pichardi), the roncador (Pomadasys crocro) , the royal tarpon (Megalops atlanticus) and the gaspar (Atractosteus tropicus; Bussing, 1998). Therefore, it is necessary to identify the species that have the greatest presence in the river and recognize their recruitment areas, reproduction and feeding characteristics, their eating habits and their interactions with other species. Artisanal, subsistence and sport fishing is an important activity in the area; not only for the local fishermen who enjoy its economic benefits in the market, but also for the tourist activity, which attracts many people. This is why it is of vital importance to identify the recruitment, reproduction and feeding areas of the species of commercial importance in that region. In this way, they can be granted the necessary protection so that these important stages of their life cycle are not affected by rural development. Human activities that are carried out can affect the habitats and resources available for fish populations, by physically, chemically or biologically altering important areas. Similarly, overfishing in unsuitable places can end the recruitment areas of various species, by extracting individuals of immature sizes, which have not reproduced for the first time.
Descripción
Ross Salazar, E. (2005). Ecología de las especies ícticas más importantes en la margen costarricense del Río San Juan. [Tesis de Licenciatura]. Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica.
Palabras clave
BIOLOGIA, PESCA ARTESANAL, COMERCIALIZACION, ECOLOGIA DE AGUA DULCE, BIOLOGY, ARTISANAL FISHING