Curriculo preescolar como integración a la cultura: análisis de los contextos indígena, rural y urbano marginal durante el año 2005
Fecha
2006
Autores
Acuña Obando, Laura
Godínez Rojas, Susana
Gutiérrez Ruíz, Rebeca
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
El objetivo del informe de Seminario es conocer el currículo preescolar   como integración a la cultura y realizar un análisis de los contextos  Indígena, Rural y Urbano Marginal durante el  año 2005.  La investigación se desarrolló con una población de 400 personas en la comunidad de Boruca, 600 habitantes en la comunidad de San Rafael de Platanares y 250 personas en  la comunidad de Baidambú.  Se tomó una muestra de 5 padres o madres de familia,  5 personas de la comunidad, 1    dirigente de cada comunidad y 1 docente de preescolar por cada contexto.  La fundamentación teórica se basa en propiciar un conocimiento de la  cultura de los contextos indígena,  rural  y urbano marginal,  en describir el tipo de educación que se desarrolla en cada contexto, identificar las diferentes costumbres,  tradiciones,  celebraciones  y  creencias  de  cada  comunidad  e identificar los servicios públicos con los que cuenta el contexto indígena, rural y urbano marginal. La investigación es de tipo descriptiva ya que se fundamenta en la recolección. tabulación, análisis e interpretación de datos lo que permite conocer la forma en que es tomada en cuenta la  cultura y la  diversidad de la misma presente  en los jardines  infantiles.  La recolección  de datos se obtuvo mediante    seis  instrumentos.  El   primero  fue  una  entrevista  realizada  a  la docente  de  preescolar,  el   segundo  una  guía  de  observación  dirigida  a  la relación  docente  - alumno,  el  tercero  una guía  de observación  al  salón de clase,  el  cuarto  una entrevista  dirigida  a los padres  o madres  de familia,  el quinto una entrevista dirigida a  los dirigentes comunales y el  sexto también fue una entrevista dirigida a algunas personas de las comunidades.  El  análisis de datos se realizó mediante matrices y cuadros.  Dentro de las conclusiones más importantes  se destacan  las  siguientes:  La integración  del  contexto  social  y cultural de los niños y las niñas debe tomarse en cuenta en la planificación del currículo. El trabajo de las docentes no está siendo pertinente   en cuanto a la integración de los valores propios de cada comunidad  en el  desarrollo  de la jornada de trabajo y sus diferentes periodos, lo cual  en gran medida puede ser resultado de no realizar visitas  a los hogares, no coordinar actividades con la comunidad   y  sus  agentes,   no  vivir  en  la  comunidad   y  la  falta   de  una investigación social, cultural y económica  de la comunidad  en que se trabaja como es el  caso  de los contextos  rural  y urbano marginal.  Las docentes  no están realizando visitas a los hogares de sus alumnos,  lo que produce una falta de conocimiento  sobre la cotidianidad y forma de vida de los niños y las niñas, como   es   el   caso   de  los     contextos   rural   y   urbano   marginal.    Las  tres comunidades   no  han  quedado  al  margen  del  desarrollo  del  país,  ya  que cuentan con los servicios públicos básicos, como lo son el EBAIS, electricidad, agua,  entre otros.
The objective of the Seminar report is to learn about the preschool curriculum as an integration to culture and to conduct an analysis of the Indigenous, Rural and Marginal Urban contexts during the year 2005. The research was carried out with a population of 400 people in the community of Boruca, 600 inhabitants in the community of San Rafael de Platanares and 250 people in the community of Baidambú. A sample of 5 parents, 5 people from the community, 1 leader from each community and 1 preschool teacher for each context was taken. The theoretical basis is based on providing knowledge of the culture of the indigenous, rural and marginal urban contexts, describing the type of education developed in each context, identifying the different customs, traditions, celebrations and beliefs of each community and identifying the public services available in the indigenous, rural and marginal urban contexts. The research is descriptive since it is based on the collection, tabulation, analysis and interpretation of data, which allows us to know the way in which culture is taken into account and its diversity in kindergartens. Data collection was obtained through six instruments. The first was an interview with the preschool teacher, the second an observation guide directed to the teacher-student relationship, the third an observation guide to the classroom, the fourth an interview with parents, the fifth an interview with community leaders and the sixth an interview with some people from the communities. The data analysis was carried out by means of matrices and tables. Among the most important conclusions, the following stand out: The integration of the social and cultural context of children should be taken into account in curriculum planning. The teachers' work is not being pertinent in terms of the integration of the values of each community in the development of the workday and its different periods, which to a large extent may be the result of not making home visits, not coordinating activities with the community and its agents, not living in the community and the lack of social, cultural and economic research of the community in which they work, as is the case of the rural and marginal urban contexts. The teachers are not visiting the homes of their students, which results in a lack of knowledge about the daily life and way of life of the children, as is the case in the rural and marginal urban contexts. The three communities have not been left out of the country's development, since they have basic public services, such as EBAIS, electricity, water, among others.
The objective of the Seminar report is to learn about the preschool curriculum as an integration to culture and to conduct an analysis of the Indigenous, Rural and Marginal Urban contexts during the year 2005. The research was carried out with a population of 400 people in the community of Boruca, 600 inhabitants in the community of San Rafael de Platanares and 250 people in the community of Baidambú. A sample of 5 parents, 5 people from the community, 1 leader from each community and 1 preschool teacher for each context was taken. The theoretical basis is based on providing knowledge of the culture of the indigenous, rural and marginal urban contexts, describing the type of education developed in each context, identifying the different customs, traditions, celebrations and beliefs of each community and identifying the public services available in the indigenous, rural and marginal urban contexts. The research is descriptive since it is based on the collection, tabulation, analysis and interpretation of data, which allows us to know the way in which culture is taken into account and its diversity in kindergartens. Data collection was obtained through six instruments. The first was an interview with the preschool teacher, the second an observation guide directed to the teacher-student relationship, the third an observation guide to the classroom, the fourth an interview with parents, the fifth an interview with community leaders and the sixth an interview with some people from the communities. The data analysis was carried out by means of matrices and tables. Among the most important conclusions, the following stand out: The integration of the social and cultural context of children should be taken into account in curriculum planning. The teachers' work is not being pertinent in terms of the integration of the values of each community in the development of the workday and its different periods, which to a large extent may be the result of not making home visits, not coordinating activities with the community and its agents, not living in the community and the lack of social, cultural and economic research of the community in which they work, as is the case of the rural and marginal urban contexts. The teachers are not visiting the homes of their students, which results in a lack of knowledge about the daily life and way of life of the children, as is the case in the rural and marginal urban contexts. The three communities have not been left out of the country's development, since they have basic public services, such as EBAIS, electricity, water, among others.
Descripción
Licenciatura en pedagogía con énfasis en educación preescolar
Palabras clave
ZONAS RURALES, EDUCACIÓN RURAL, CURRÍCULO, EDUCACIÓN PREESCOLAR, ESCUELAS INDIGENAS, ZONAS MARGINALES, ZONAS URBANAS, CULTURA, RURAL AREAS, RURAL EDUCATION, CURRICULUM, PRESCHOOL EDUCATION, INDIGENOUS SCHOOLS, MARGINAL AREAS, URBAN AREAS, CULTURE, BORUCAS, BAIDAMBÚ
