Enfoques histórico y sociólógico en los procesos de enseñansa/aprendizaje de la gestión del patrimonio para el turismo

Abstract

La historia y la sociología son áreas del conocimiento trasversales a la profesión del turismo y su vertiente cultural. El presente artículo plantea una propuesta multidisciplinaria, para la inclusión de este abordaje teórico-metodológico en los procesos de enseñanza aprendizaje de la carrera “Gestión de la Recreación y Turismo” de la Universidad Nacional, Campus Sarapiquí; partiendo de los enfoques histórico-sociológico y orientados a dos cursos de esta carrera; pretende además proyectar la generación de conocimiento integral y contextualizado para su puesta en práctica, por parte de los y las estudiantes, en el marco de ambos cursos. Sarapiquí, cantón costarricense de alta visitación turística, cuenta con una gran riqueza patrimonial histórica, poco explorada desde esta actividad económica, lo que exige su abordaje desde un enfoque histórico, por parte de la academia. Sin embargo, el mero conocimiento de momentos y procesos históricos del cantón por el estudiante de turismo se vuelve insuficiente, en relación con el ámbito de su quehacer en la región. En este punto, el enfoque sociológico debe entrar en juego desde la gestión contextualizada de estos conocimientos, aplicando lo aprendido con agentes del campo turístico local, comprendiendo en este proceso, sus dinámicas sociales, culturales y económicas actuales.

Este documento propone la cohesión de ambos enfoques, formulando una alternativa multidisciplinaria en el abordaje tres momentos históricos para el caso de Sarapiquí y su consecuente gestión, orientada al turismo cultural.

History and sociology are cross curricular subjects of knowledge to the profession of tourism and its cultural aspect. Sarapiquí, Costa Rican territory with a high tourist visitation has a huge historical heritage wealth, of little exploration on this economical activity which demands the addressing of its origins on behalf of the academy. Although, mere knowledge of moments and historical processes by students become insufficient related to the tourist activity. In this point the sociological approach comes into play, applying and contextualizing these understandings and relate them with social, cultural, and economical dynamics of the current canton tourism. This article states the cohesion of both approaches, formulating an interdisciplinary alternative on the historical approach for Sarapiquí’s case and its relation to the management of this type of heritage, which is tourist oriented. This proposal emerges from the reflection of the lectures in the setting of two current courses of the major in management of the recreation and tourism at Sarapiquí Campus, Universdad Nacional, Costa Rica. Therefore, starting from a bibliographical investigation, the first approach covers four moments and processes which look for the identification of their historical origins. The second approach covers the application of these knowledges by proposing a strategy of management with local organizations connected to this economical activity.History and sociology are cross curricular subjects of knowledge to the profession of tourism and its cultural aspect. Sarapiquí, Costa Rican territory with a high tourist visitation has a huge historical heritage wealth, of little exploration on this economical activity which demands the addressing of its origins on behalf of the academy. Although, mere knowledge of moments and historical processes by students become insufficient related to the tourist activity. In this point the sociological approach comes into play, applying and contextualizing these understandings and relate them with social, cultural, and economical dynamics of the current canton tourism. This article states the cohesion of both approaches, formulating an interdisciplinary alternative on the historical approach for Sarapiquí’s case and its relation to the management of this type of heritage, which is tourist oriented. This proposal emerges from the reflection of the lectures in the setting of two current courses of the major in management of the recreation and tourism at Sarapiquí Campus, Universdad Nacional, Costa Rica. Therefore, starting from a bibliographical investigation, the first approach covers four moments and processes which look for the identification of their historical origins. The second approach covers the application of these knowledges by proposing a strategy of management with local organizations connected to this economical activity.