"Propuesta de plan de mejora para el gestionamiento hídrico de la asada Juan Díaz, ubicado en Nicoya, Guanacaste"
Archivos
Fecha
2023-02
Autores
Rodríguez Álvarez, José Daniel
Torres García, Patricia Yirieth
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Sede Regional Chorotega, Campus Liberia
Resumen
El acueducto comunal de Juan Díaz, Nicoya, Guanacaste, brinda el servicio de agua para el consumo humano y para el desarrollo de muchos agricultores y ganaderos de la zona. Con la finalidad de contar con un estudio actualizado que permitiera diagnosticar, en función de su administración hídrica, el estado actual del servicio proveído por la ASADA de Juan Díaz, se desarrolló el presente proyecto, que identificó las oportunidades de mejora para la optimización del servicio, previo a la integración de mayores abonados al sistema.
Capítulo 1. Introducción
El primer capítulo, presenta información inicial para el desarrollo del proyecto. De esta forma se muestran secciones como planteamiento del problema donde se expresa la necesidad de Juan Díaz para la realización del plan de fortalecimiento, asimismo se demuestra una justificación donde se argumenta la necesidad del proyecto, como también el objetivo general y los objetivos específicos para llevar a cabo el proyecto y finalmente los alcances y limitaciones.
Capítulo 2. Antecedentes
Este capítulo, genera una contextualización del área de estudio a partir de información previa. Este capítulo consta con una descripción de la zona donde se observan las características geográficas, las actividades socioeconómicas y antecedentes de la ASADA Juan Díaz. Además, se incluyen características morfométricas de la subcuenca Quiriman.
Capítulo 3. Marco Teórico
El tercer apartado del documento, incluyen definiciones de elementos conceptuales que permitan a los diferentes lectores crear una construcción significativa de dichos elementos para una buena compresión del lector. Estos se seccionaron en las principales definiciones para el entendimiento del proyecto.
Capítulo 4. Estudios de Prefactibilidad
En esta sección se realizó un estudio de prefactibilidad, donde se analizó el estudio legal, ambiental, social, financiero y técnico, esto por la índole del proyecto. Con base a estos resultados se determinó que el proyecto se considera viable para su desarrollo.
Capítulo 5. Metodología
Este apartado, aborda la metodología empleada en el presente proyecto. En esta sección se plantearon los elementos generales de la metodología, que incluye el tipo de investigación, el método de investigación y las etapas de la investigación, con el fin de cumplir con los objetivos propuestos para la ejecución del presente proyecto.
Capítulo 6. Resultados y Discusión
La valoración del servicio provisto por la ASADA fue aceptable, según el 94 % de los abonados encuestados. Se identificaron algunos déficits en los diseños del sistema de acueducto, principalmente enfocado en el pozo y tanque de abastecimiento.
El plan Gestión integral de riesgo en ASADAS (GIRA) identificó que la ASADA presenta vulnerabilidad de un 40 % y sus oportunidades de mejora se concentra en la necesidad de diagnóstico, mejoría y actualización de la infraestructura; y la actualización organizacional de la ASADA.
El balance hídrico indicó que, para la fuente de abastecimiento actual (pozo), existe una problemática debido a que se desconoce su capacidad actual, debido a la desactualización de los datos de pruebas de bombeo. Aunado a esto, con el valor concesionado por Dirección de Aguas se determinó que el pozo dispone de la capacidad para abastecer los abonados actuales, sin embargo está cerca de su capacidad máximo, lo que indica buscar nuevas fuentes para disponer de un servicio con mayor sostenibilidad.
Capítulo 7. Conclusiones y Recomendaciones
Se cumplió con la totalidad de los objetivos propuestos. Donde, se brindó una propuesta de plan para mejorar el gestionamiento hídrico de la ASADA, beneficiando así a la comunidad de Juan Díaz.
The communal aqueduct of Juan Díaz, Nicoya, Guanacaste, provides water service for human consumption and for the development of many farmers and ranchers in the area. To have an updated study to diagnose, in terms of water management, the current state of the service provided by the ASADA Juan Díaz, the present project was developed to identify opportunities for improvement to optimize the service, prior to the integration of more subscribers to the system. Chapter 1. Introduction The first chapter presents initial information for the development of the project. This includes sections such as the problem statement for the ASADA Juan Díaz to carry out the strengthening plan is expressed, a justification where the need for the project is argued, as well as the general objective and the specific objectives to carry out the project and finally the scopes and limitations. Chapter 2. Background This chapter gives a contextualization of the study area based on previous information. To comply with the above, this chapter includes a description of the area where the geographic characteristics, socioeconomic activities, and background of the ASADA Juan Díaz are observed. Morphometric characteristics of the Quiriman sub-basin are also included. Chapter 3. Theoretical Framework The third section of the document includes different definitions that are essential for the reader's understanding. These concepts were sectioned into hydrological and basic concepts where the basic components of the aqueduct are included. Chapter 4. Prefeasibility Studies In this section a pre-feasibility study was carried out. Different studies are analyzed, such as legal, environmental, social, financial, and technical, due to the nature of the project. Based on these results, the project is considered viable for development. Chapter 5. Methodology Section five of the document deals with the methodology to be used for the implementation of this project. In this section the general elements of the methodology are presented, including the type of research, the research method, and the stages of the research, in order to fulfill the objectives proposed for the execution of this project. Chapter 6. Results and Discussion The assessment of the service provided by ASADA was acceptable, according to 94% of the subscribers surveyed. Some deficits were identified in the aqueduct system, mainly focused on the well and supply tank. The GIRA plan identified that the ASADA is 40% vulnerable and its opportunities for improvement focus on the need to diagnose, improve and update the infrastructure, and the organizational update of the ASADA. The water balance indicated that, for the current supply source (well), there is a problem because its current capacity is unknown, due to outdated pumping test data. In addition, with the value granted by the Water Dipartment it was determined that the well has the capacity to supply the current subscribers; however, it is close to its maximum capacity, which indicates that new sources should be sought to provide a more sustainable service. Chapter 7. Conclusions and Recommendations All the proposed objectives were met. A proposal for a plan to improve the ASADA's water management was provided. Thus, benefiting the ASADA and the community of Juan Díaz.
The communal aqueduct of Juan Díaz, Nicoya, Guanacaste, provides water service for human consumption and for the development of many farmers and ranchers in the area. To have an updated study to diagnose, in terms of water management, the current state of the service provided by the ASADA Juan Díaz, the present project was developed to identify opportunities for improvement to optimize the service, prior to the integration of more subscribers to the system. Chapter 1. Introduction The first chapter presents initial information for the development of the project. This includes sections such as the problem statement for the ASADA Juan Díaz to carry out the strengthening plan is expressed, a justification where the need for the project is argued, as well as the general objective and the specific objectives to carry out the project and finally the scopes and limitations. Chapter 2. Background This chapter gives a contextualization of the study area based on previous information. To comply with the above, this chapter includes a description of the area where the geographic characteristics, socioeconomic activities, and background of the ASADA Juan Díaz are observed. Morphometric characteristics of the Quiriman sub-basin are also included. Chapter 3. Theoretical Framework The third section of the document includes different definitions that are essential for the reader's understanding. These concepts were sectioned into hydrological and basic concepts where the basic components of the aqueduct are included. Chapter 4. Prefeasibility Studies In this section a pre-feasibility study was carried out. Different studies are analyzed, such as legal, environmental, social, financial, and technical, due to the nature of the project. Based on these results, the project is considered viable for development. Chapter 5. Methodology Section five of the document deals with the methodology to be used for the implementation of this project. In this section the general elements of the methodology are presented, including the type of research, the research method, and the stages of the research, in order to fulfill the objectives proposed for the execution of this project. Chapter 6. Results and Discussion The assessment of the service provided by ASADA was acceptable, according to 94% of the subscribers surveyed. Some deficits were identified in the aqueduct system, mainly focused on the well and supply tank. The GIRA plan identified that the ASADA is 40% vulnerable and its opportunities for improvement focus on the need to diagnose, improve and update the infrastructure, and the organizational update of the ASADA. The water balance indicated that, for the current supply source (well), there is a problem because its current capacity is unknown, due to outdated pumping test data. In addition, with the value granted by the Water Dipartment it was determined that the well has the capacity to supply the current subscribers; however, it is close to its maximum capacity, which indicates that new sources should be sought to provide a more sustainable service. Chapter 7. Conclusions and Recommendations All the proposed objectives were met. A proposal for a plan to improve the ASADA's water management was provided. Thus, benefiting the ASADA and the community of Juan Díaz.
Descripción
Palabras clave
HIDROLOGIA, ASADAS, GESTION, AGUA, ACUEDUCTOS, AGUA POTABLE, JUAN DÍAZ (NICOYA), GUANACASTE (COSTA RICA), HYDROLOGY, MANAGEMENT, WATER, WATER SUPPLY, DRINKING WATER