Evaluación in vitro de hongos nematófagos contra el nematodo barrenador Radopholus similis (Cobb, 1893) Thorne, 1949 en Costa Rica
Fecha
2023
Autores
Ugalde, Berlioth
Artavia Carmona, Roy
Vargas Martínez, Alejandro
Peraza-Padilla, Walter
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
El objetivo fue evaluar la capacidad nematicida in vitro de hongos nematófagos (HN) de plantaciones de banano de la región Huetar Atlántica contra el nematodo Radopholus similis. Previamente identificados los HN, se utilizaron dos aislamientos de Fusarium oxysporum (Fox2 y Fox3), dos aislamientos de Trichoderma asperellum (Trich1 y Trich3) y un aislamiento de Purpureocillium lilacinum (Pli) para evaluar in vitro su patogenicidad contra R. similis. Se realizó una suspensión y conteo de esporas de cada hongo para determinar la concentración de conidios (UFC/ml) a depositar por plato Petri. Posteriormente se depositó por plato 0,5 ml de una suspensión que contenía 60 adultos y juveniles de la especie R. similis y se realizó el conteo de nematodos a las 24h y 42h y se verificó la capacidad depredadora de cada aislamiento. Se realizó un análisis estadístico ANOVA y comparaciones de medias con el programa estadístico InfoStat para evaluar el efecto de los tratamientos en la mortalidad de R. similis. A las 24 horas después de la inoculación, no se observaron diferencias significativas entre los tratamientos, con un promedio de mortalidad del 15-30%. Sin embargo, a las 42 horas, se identificaron diferencias significativas en la capacidad antagónica de los aislamientos Trich3, Fox3, Fox2 y Trich1, con porcentajes de mortalidad del 53.3%, 41.6%, 37.9% y 37.7% respectivamente. El aislamiento Pli (25.8%) no mostró diferencias significativas en comparación con el control (Tx1). Los aislamientos de T. asperellum y F. oxysporum poseen una alta capacidad nematófaga contra el nematodo barrenador R. similis con potencial para ser utilizados como agentes de control biológico.
The objective was to evaluate the in vitro nematicidal capacity of nematophagous fungi (NH) from banana plantations in the Huetar Atlántica region against the nematode Radopholus similis. Previously identified HN, two isolates of Fusarium oxysporum (Fox2 and Fox3), two isolates of Trichoderma asperellum (Trich1 and Trich3) and one isolate of Purpureocillium lilacinum (Pli) were used to evaluate in vitro their pathogenicity against R. similis. A suspension and spore count of each fungus was performed to determine the concentration of conidia (CFU/ml) to be deposited per Petri dish. Subsequently, 0.5 ml of a suspension containing 60 adults and juveniles of the species R. similis was deposited per dish and the nematode count was carried out at 24h and 42h and the predatory capacity of each isolate was verified. An ANOVA statistical analysis and comparisons of means were performed with the statistical program InfoStat to evaluate the effect of the treatments on the mortality of R. similis. At 24 hours after inoculation, no significant differences were observed between treatments, with an average mortality of 15-30%. However, at 42 hours, significant differences were identified in the antagonistic capacity of isolates Trich3, Fox3, Fox2 and Trich1, with mortality percentages of 53.3%, 41.6%, 37.9% and 37.7%, respectively. The isolate Pli (25.8%) showed no significant differences compared to the control (Tx1). The isolates of T. asperellum and F. oxysporum have a high nematophagous capacity against the nematode borer R. similis with potential to be used as biological control agents.
The objective was to evaluate the in vitro nematicidal capacity of nematophagous fungi (NH) from banana plantations in the Huetar Atlántica region against the nematode Radopholus similis. Previously identified HN, two isolates of Fusarium oxysporum (Fox2 and Fox3), two isolates of Trichoderma asperellum (Trich1 and Trich3) and one isolate of Purpureocillium lilacinum (Pli) were used to evaluate in vitro their pathogenicity against R. similis. A suspension and spore count of each fungus was performed to determine the concentration of conidia (CFU/ml) to be deposited per Petri dish. Subsequently, 0.5 ml of a suspension containing 60 adults and juveniles of the species R. similis was deposited per dish and the nematode count was carried out at 24h and 42h and the predatory capacity of each isolate was verified. An ANOVA statistical analysis and comparisons of means were performed with the statistical program InfoStat to evaluate the effect of the treatments on the mortality of R. similis. At 24 hours after inoculation, no significant differences were observed between treatments, with an average mortality of 15-30%. However, at 42 hours, significant differences were identified in the antagonistic capacity of isolates Trich3, Fox3, Fox2 and Trich1, with mortality percentages of 53.3%, 41.6%, 37.9% and 37.7%, respectively. The isolate Pli (25.8%) showed no significant differences compared to the control (Tx1). The isolates of T. asperellum and F. oxysporum have a high nematophagous capacity against the nematode borer R. similis with potential to be used as biological control agents.
Descripción
Es un borrador de un artículo que se va publicar
Palabras clave
NEMÁTODOS PARÁSITOS DE PLANTAS, PLANT PARASITIC NEMATODES, PLAGAS DE LAS PLANTAS, PLANT PESTS, CONTROL BIOLÓGICO, BIOLOGICAL CONTROL, ORGANISMOS PATÓGENOS, PATHOGENIC ORGANISMS, NEMATODA