Efecto de la edad al primer parto sobre parámetros reproductivos en la primera lactancia de vacas Holstein y Jersey de Costa Rica
Fecha
2015
Autores
Salazar Carranza, Mauren
Murillo Herrera, Jaime
Hueckmann Voss, Frank
Castillo-Badilla, Gloriana
ROMERO-ZUÑIGA, JUAN JOSÉ
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ISSN de la revista
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo en 28 367 animales raza Jersey puro y 46 029
Holstein puras, de lecherías especializadas de distintas zonas ecológicas de Costa Rica, en el
periodo comprendido entre los años 2000 y 2010, con el fin de cuantificar el efecto provocado por
la edad al primer parto (EPP) sobre los parámetros reproductivos durante la primera lactancia. Se
incluyeron los datos de vacas, registrados en el programa VAMPP Bovino 3.0, en el Centro Regional
de Informática para la Producción Animal Sostenible (CRIPAS), de la Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria
de la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica. Los datos fueron analizados por medio de estadística
descriptiva y un modelo lineal mixto. Hubo efecto significativo de la EPP sobre el intervalo parto
concepción (IPC) en la raza Holstein (P<0.0001), con -13 y -6 días para las hembras con EPP <26
meses y EPP 26-33meses, respectivamente. El IPC no se vio afectado, significativamente, por la
EPP en la raza Jersey (P=0.25). Asimismo, los servicios por concepción (SPC) correspondieron a
1.44 (D.E. 0.83/IC95%: 1.44 – 1.44) para vacas Holstein y 1.48 (D.E. 0.93/IC95%: 1.46 – 1.49)
para Jersey. Este parámetro se vio influenciado significativamente por la EPP en ambas razas
(P<0.0001); en donde se presentaron 1.1 y 0.6menos SPC aquellos animales con EPP baja y media,
en comparación a los de alta EPP, en la raza Holstein y Jersey respectivamente. De ese modo, el
incremento en la EPP, ajustada por variables ambientales, de manejo e intrínsecas de la vaca, tuvo
efecto negativo sobre el IPC de la primera lactancia de las vacas Holstein, pero no en Jersey; del
mismo modo, hubo un efecto negativo de la EPP sobre los SPC en ambas razas.
A retrospective study including 28,367 purebred Jersey and 46,029 purebred Holstein cattle, from specialized dairy farms of different ecological areas in Costa Rica was conducted from 2000 to 2010 in order to quantify the effect of age at first calving (AFC) on the reproductive parameters of the first lactation. Data included records in the VAMPP Bovino 3.0 software from the Regional Information Technology Center for Sustainable Animal Production (CRIPAS) of the School of Veterinary Medicine, National University of Costa Rica. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and a linear mixed model. The results showed a significant effect of age at first calving (AFC) in the calving to conception interval (CCI) of Holstein cows (P<0.001), with -13 and -6 days for cows with AFC <26 months and AFC 26-33months, respectively. CCI was not significantly affected in Jersey cows (P=0.25). In addition, average services per conception (SPC) corresponded to 1.44 (D.E. 0.83/IC95%: 1.44 – 1.44) for Holstein cows and 1.48 (D.E. 0.93/ IC95%: 1.46 – 1.49) for Jersey animals. This parameter was significantly influenced by AFC in both breeds (P<0.0001), with a decreased SPC in 1.1 in Holstein and 0.6 in Jersey cows, in those animals with low and medium AFC, compared to high AFC. Consequently, the increment in AFC, adjusted by environmental, management and intrinsic variables of the cow, had a negative effect over the CCI of the first lactation of Holstein cows, but not in Jersey animals; similarly, there was a negative effect of the AFC over SPC in both breeds.
A retrospective study including 28,367 purebred Jersey and 46,029 purebred Holstein cattle, from specialized dairy farms of different ecological areas in Costa Rica was conducted from 2000 to 2010 in order to quantify the effect of age at first calving (AFC) on the reproductive parameters of the first lactation. Data included records in the VAMPP Bovino 3.0 software from the Regional Information Technology Center for Sustainable Animal Production (CRIPAS) of the School of Veterinary Medicine, National University of Costa Rica. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and a linear mixed model. The results showed a significant effect of age at first calving (AFC) in the calving to conception interval (CCI) of Holstein cows (P<0.001), with -13 and -6 days for cows with AFC <26 months and AFC 26-33months, respectively. CCI was not significantly affected in Jersey cows (P=0.25). In addition, average services per conception (SPC) corresponded to 1.44 (D.E. 0.83/IC95%: 1.44 – 1.44) for Holstein cows and 1.48 (D.E. 0.93/ IC95%: 1.46 – 1.49) for Jersey animals. This parameter was significantly influenced by AFC in both breeds (P<0.0001), with a decreased SPC in 1.1 in Holstein and 0.6 in Jersey cows, in those animals with low and medium AFC, compared to high AFC. Consequently, the increment in AFC, adjusted by environmental, management and intrinsic variables of the cow, had a negative effect over the CCI of the first lactation of Holstein cows, but not in Jersey animals; similarly, there was a negative effect of the AFC over SPC in both breeds.
Descripción
Palabras clave
REPRODUCCION ANIMAL, ANIMAL REPRODUCTION, GANADO BOVINO, BOVINE, JERSEY, HOLSTEIN, PRODUCCIÓN LECHERA, MILK PRODUCTION