Diseño de un plan de ecoeficencia para doce estaciones de la GAM y el edificio central del Benemérito Cuerpo de Bomberos de Costa Rica
Fecha
2019
Autores
Hidalgo Masís, Wendy Marcela
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
Hoy en día, es necesario que un país cuente con cuerpos de emergencia como lo es el Benemérito Cuerpo de Bomberos de Costa Rica. Sin embargo, para que dicha institución brinde sus servicios, estos deben utilizar recursos como: electricidad, agua y combustible fósil. Además, generan residuos y emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero producto de las actividades que realizan. Por tal razón, esta institución busca realizar sus labores de una manera eficiente con el medioambiente y ha visto necesario el diseño de un plan de ecoeficiencia para doce estaciones de la Gran Área Metropolitana y el edificio de oficinas centrales. Este proyecto se desarrolló en tres fases. La primera fase fue un diagnóstico ambiental, en el cual se pudo determinar el consumo de energía eléctrica, agua y combustible fósil, así como la generación de residuos y la situación ambiental actual de la institución. En la fase dos se realizó un inventario de emisiones de GEI y un diagnóstico energético. Para finalizar, en la tercera fase, se elaboró el plan de ecoeficiencia, el cual contiene las medidas de ecoeficiencia a aplicar. Entre los principales resultados obtenidos están: la estación de bomberos de Alajuela y Pavas y el edificio de oficinas centrales son considerados sitios críticos, debido al consumo significativo de recursos ambientales; en cada uno de estos sitios se generan 97.1, 155.3 y 139.5 toneladas de dióxido de carbono equivalente, respectivamente; además, las medidas de ecoeficiencia planteadas que se destacan son la captación de agua pluvial y la instalación de paneles solares.
Nowadays, it is necessary for a country to have emergency bodies such as the Benemérito Cuerpo de Bomberos de Costa Rica. However, in order for this institution to provide its services, they must use resources such as electricity, water and fossil fuels. They also generate waste and greenhouse gas emissions as a result of their activities. For this reason, this institution seeks to carry out its work in an environmentally efficient manner and has seen the need to design an eco-efficiency plan for twelve stations in the Greater Metropolitan Area and the central office building. This project was developed in three phases. The first phase was an environmental diagnosis, in which the consumption of electricity, water and fossil fuels was determined, as well as the generation of waste and the current environmental situation of the institution. The main results obtained include the following: the Alajuela and Pavas fire stations and the central office building are considered critical sites, due to the significant consumption of environmental resources; each of these sites generates 97.1, 155.3 and 139.5 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent, respectively; in addition, the eco-efficiency measures proposed include rainwater collection and the installation of solar panels.
Nowadays, it is necessary for a country to have emergency bodies such as the Benemérito Cuerpo de Bomberos de Costa Rica. However, in order for this institution to provide its services, they must use resources such as electricity, water and fossil fuels. They also generate waste and greenhouse gas emissions as a result of their activities. For this reason, this institution seeks to carry out its work in an environmentally efficient manner and has seen the need to design an eco-efficiency plan for twelve stations in the Greater Metropolitan Area and the central office building. This project was developed in three phases. The first phase was an environmental diagnosis, in which the consumption of electricity, water and fossil fuels was determined, as well as the generation of waste and the current environmental situation of the institution. The main results obtained include the following: the Alajuela and Pavas fire stations and the central office building are considered critical sites, due to the significant consumption of environmental resources; each of these sites generates 97.1, 155.3 and 139.5 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent, respectively; in addition, the eco-efficiency measures proposed include rainwater collection and the installation of solar panels.
Descripción
Licenciatura en Ingeniería en Gestión Ambiental en modalidad proyecto de graduación
Palabras clave
CUERPO DE BOMBEROS, FIRE DEPARTMENT, RESIDUOS, WASTE, EFECTO INVERNADERO, GREENHOUSE EFFECT, MANEJO AMBIENTAL, ENVIRONMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, MEDIO AMBIENTE, IMPACTO AMBIENTAL, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT