Identificación de genogrupos de protoparvovirus y sus variantes en leucocitos de gatos domésticos del Valle Central de Costa Rica
Fecha
2022
Autores
Obando Corella, Andrea
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
El protoparvovirus carnívoro 1 (CPPV-1), incluye al parvovirus felino (o virus de la
panleucopenia felina, FPV) y al parvovirus canino 2 (CPV-2). En la actualidad CPV-2 no
se encuentra en la naturaleza, sino sus variantes CPV-2a, CPV-2b y CPV-2c, que
pueden infectar también al gato. El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar
genogrupos de CPPV-1 y sus variantes en sangre de felinos domésticos del Valle Central
de Costa Rica. Se recolectaron muestras de sangre de 155 gatos, 20 presentados a
clínicas veterinarias (12,9%), 120 a campañas de castración (77,4%) y 15 en hogares
(9,7%), y se recopilaron los siguientes datos: fecha de recolecta, identificación del animal,
sexo, edad, raza, información sobre vacunación, ambiente en el que vive el animal
(urbano o rural), si convive con otros gatos, estado de salud, padecimiento de
enfermedades crónicas, estilo de vida (gato de interior o exterior) y lugar de procedencia.
Las muestras de sangre se analizaron mediante inhibición de la hemaglutinación (IHA) y
técnicas moleculares (reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) y secuenciación).
Mediante IHA se detectó anticuerpos contra CPPV-1 en todos los gatos, 112 gatos
(72,3%) presentaron títulos protectivos (≥1:80). Solamente 17 animales se reportaron
como vacunados. Mediante PCR en tiempo real se detectó la presencia de CPPV-1 en
sangre de 42 (27,1%) gatos, ninguno presentó anemia, leucopenia o alguna enfermedad
crónica, cinco (11,9%) se encontraban vacunados y tres (7,1%) presentaron una baja
condición corporal, pero con apetito, y sin ningún otro síntoma o signo asociado al CPPV-
1. El grupo de gatos qPCR positivo no mostró diferencias significativas con el grupo
qPCR negativo con respecto a edad, sexo, estilo de vida, convivencia con otros gatos y
título de anticuerpos. En diez gatos asintomáticos y saludables se logró detectar la
presencia de FPV (n=2) y CPV-2c (n=8) en sangre, con similitudes nucleotídicas de
100% (GenBank M38246) y 99,8%-100% (GenBank AF401519), respectivamente.
Carnivore protoparvovirus 1 (CPPV-1) includes feline parvovirus (or feline panleukopenia virus, FPV) and canine parvovirus 2 (CPV-2). Currently, CPV-2 is not found in nature anymore, but its variants CPV-2a, CPV-2b, and CPV-2c can be found infecting cats. The objective of this research was to identify genogroups of CPPV-1 and its variants in the blood of domestic cats from the Central Valley of Costa Rica. Blood samples were collected from 155 cats, 20 presented to veterinary clinics (12,9%), 120 to castration campaigns (77,4%) and 15 in homes (9,7%), and the following data were collected: date of collection, animal identification, sex, age, breed, vaccination information, the environment in which the animal lives (urban or rural), if it lives with other cats, state of health, suffering from chronic diseases, lifestyle (indoor or outdoor cat) and place of origin. Blood samples were analyzed by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) and molecular techniques (polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing). Antibodies against CPPV-1 were detected by HI in all cats, 112 cats (72,3%) had protective titers (≥1:80). Only 17 animals were reported as vaccinated. Using real-time PCR, the presence of CPPV-1 was detected in the blood of 42 (27,1%) cats, none of them presented anemia, leukopenia, or any chronic disease, five (11,9%) were vaccinated and three (7,1%) had low body condition, but with appetite, and without any other symptoms or signs associated with CPPV-1. The qPCR-positive group of cats did not show significant differences with the qPCR-negative group concerning age, sex, lifestyle, coexistence with other cats, and antibody titers. In ten asymptomatic and healthy cats, the presence of FPV (n=2) and CPV-2c (n=8) in blood was detected, with nucleotide similarities of 100% (GenBank M38246) and 99,8%-100% (GenBank AF401519) respectively.
Carnivore protoparvovirus 1 (CPPV-1) includes feline parvovirus (or feline panleukopenia virus, FPV) and canine parvovirus 2 (CPV-2). Currently, CPV-2 is not found in nature anymore, but its variants CPV-2a, CPV-2b, and CPV-2c can be found infecting cats. The objective of this research was to identify genogroups of CPPV-1 and its variants in the blood of domestic cats from the Central Valley of Costa Rica. Blood samples were collected from 155 cats, 20 presented to veterinary clinics (12,9%), 120 to castration campaigns (77,4%) and 15 in homes (9,7%), and the following data were collected: date of collection, animal identification, sex, age, breed, vaccination information, the environment in which the animal lives (urban or rural), if it lives with other cats, state of health, suffering from chronic diseases, lifestyle (indoor or outdoor cat) and place of origin. Blood samples were analyzed by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) and molecular techniques (polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing). Antibodies against CPPV-1 were detected by HI in all cats, 112 cats (72,3%) had protective titers (≥1:80). Only 17 animals were reported as vaccinated. Using real-time PCR, the presence of CPPV-1 was detected in the blood of 42 (27,1%) cats, none of them presented anemia, leukopenia, or any chronic disease, five (11,9%) were vaccinated and three (7,1%) had low body condition, but with appetite, and without any other symptoms or signs associated with CPPV-1. The qPCR-positive group of cats did not show significant differences with the qPCR-negative group concerning age, sex, lifestyle, coexistence with other cats, and antibody titers. In ten asymptomatic and healthy cats, the presence of FPV (n=2) and CPV-2c (n=8) in blood was detected, with nucleotide similarities of 100% (GenBank M38246) and 99,8%-100% (GenBank AF401519) respectively.
Descripción
Modalidad: Tesis
Palabras clave
VIRUS, PCR, GATO, CAT, HEMATOLOGIA VETERINARIA, VIRUS DE LA PAULEUCOPENIA FELINA, VETERINARY HEMATOLOGY