Presencia y factores de riesgo en Whispovirus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus(AHPND) y Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei en camarones de cultivo en Costa Rica
Fecha
2019-02
Autores
Peña Navarro, Nelson
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
La necrosis aguda del hepatopáncreas (AHPND), el virus del síndrome de la
mancha blanca (WSSV) y Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) causan pérdidas
económicas en la producción mundial de camarón. AHPND es ocasionada por
bacterias Vibrio parahaemolyticus que contienen el plásmido pVA-1 con los genes
de las toxinas pir A y pir B; esta enfermedad se caracteriza por producir atrofia del
hepatopáncreas con descamación masiva de células epiteliales y muerte de los
animales. El WSSV ocasiona destrucción sistémica de tejidos ectodérmicos y
mesodérmicos, y puede causar mortalidades hasta el 100%, después de
presentarse los signos clínicos. Mientras que EHP es un parásito microsporidio
intracelular formador de esporas, el cual se replica en el citoplasma y genera lisis
de las células epiteliales de los túbulos hepatopancreáticos. Es posible que estos
tres patógenos estén ocasionando problemas sanitarios en las fincas de camarón
en Costa Rica y sean los causantes de las mortalidades que se han venido
presentando en los estanques de cultivo. El primer objetivo fue determinar la
presencia y factores de riesgo asociados a AHPND y el segundo objetivo fue
determinar la presencia de WSSV y EHP, lo anterior mediante técnicas moleculares
(PCR y secuenciación) en muestras recolectadas de fincas que cultivan Penaeus
vannamei ubicadas en el Golfo de Nicoya del Pacífico de Costa Rica. Entre 2017 y
2018 se recolectaron postlarvas, agua del primer bombeo y juveniles de camarón
en 15 fincas, se seleccionaron fincas con un solo estanque.
Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis (AHPND), white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), and Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) cause (WSSV) and Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) cause economic losses in global shrimp economic losses in world shrimp production. AHPND is caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus bacteria containing the pVA-1 plasmid with the pir A and pir A and pir A toxin genes. genes for the pir A and pir B toxins; this disease is characterized by atrophy of the hepatopancreas with atrophy of the hepatopancreas with massive desquamation of epithelial cells and death of the animals. death of the animals. WSSV causes systemic destruction of ectodermal and mesodermal tissues and may cause mesodermal tissues, and can cause mortalities up to 100%, after clinical signs clinical signs are present. While EHP is an intracellular, spore-forming microsporidia spore-forming intracellular parasite, which replicates in the cytoplasm and causes lysis of epithelial cells of the of the epithelial cells of the hepatopancreatic tubules. It is possible that these three These three pathogens may be causing sanitary problems in shrimp farms in Costa Rica and are the in Costa Rica and may be the cause of the mortalities that have been occurring in shrimp in the culture ponds. The first objective was to determine the presence presence and risk factors associated with AHPND and the second objective was to determine the the presence of WSSV and EHP, by means of molecular techniques (PCR and sequencing). (PCR and sequencing) in samples collected from farms that cultivate Penaeus vannamei located in the Gulf of Nicoya of the Pacific coast of Costa Rica. Between 2017 and 2018, postlarvae, first pumping water, and juvenile shrimp were collected from 15 farms. from 15 farms, farms with only one pond were selected.
Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis (AHPND), white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), and Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) cause (WSSV) and Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) cause economic losses in global shrimp economic losses in world shrimp production. AHPND is caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus bacteria containing the pVA-1 plasmid with the pir A and pir A and pir A toxin genes. genes for the pir A and pir B toxins; this disease is characterized by atrophy of the hepatopancreas with atrophy of the hepatopancreas with massive desquamation of epithelial cells and death of the animals. death of the animals. WSSV causes systemic destruction of ectodermal and mesodermal tissues and may cause mesodermal tissues, and can cause mortalities up to 100%, after clinical signs clinical signs are present. While EHP is an intracellular, spore-forming microsporidia spore-forming intracellular parasite, which replicates in the cytoplasm and causes lysis of epithelial cells of the of the epithelial cells of the hepatopancreatic tubules. It is possible that these three These three pathogens may be causing sanitary problems in shrimp farms in Costa Rica and are the in Costa Rica and may be the cause of the mortalities that have been occurring in shrimp in the culture ponds. The first objective was to determine the presence presence and risk factors associated with AHPND and the second objective was to determine the the presence of WSSV and EHP, by means of molecular techniques (PCR and sequencing). (PCR and sequencing) in samples collected from farms that cultivate Penaeus vannamei located in the Gulf of Nicoya of the Pacific coast of Costa Rica. Between 2017 and 2018, postlarvae, first pumping water, and juvenile shrimp were collected from 15 farms. from 15 farms, farms with only one pond were selected.
Descripción
Maestría en Enfermedades Tropicales
Palabras clave
COSTA RICA, CAMARONES, VIRUS, PRODUCCION DE CULTIVOS, CROP PRODUCTION