Diagnóstico y manejo de displasia coxofemoral canina en el Hospital de Especies Menores de la Universidad Nacional
Fecha
2009
Autores
Guevara Solano, Álvaro
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
El presente trabajo es el reporte final de una pasantía realizada en el Hospital de Especies
Menores de la Universidad Nacional. Consistió en evaluar pacientes sospechosos de padecer
displasia coxofemoral canina. El diagnóstico definitivo se hizo a través de una toma
radiológica, con el animal en posición ventro-dorsal extendida. Los casos se clasificaron en
grados, según los lineamientos de la OFA (Orthopedic Foundation for Animals).
Se recibieron 15 casos cuyo motivo de consulta incluyó problemas relacionados con la
articulación coxofemoral. Algunos de ellos tuvieron un diagnóstico diferente a displasia
coxofemoral (n=5): fractura de cabeza y cuello femoral (n=2), luxación traumática de la
cabeza femoral (n=2), necrosis aséptica de la cabeza femoral (n=1).
Propiamente en los casos de interés: el 60% (n=6) correspondió a displasia muy severa
(Grado 4), 20% (n=2) a displasia severa (Grado 3), 10% (n=1) a displasia moderada (Grado 2)
y otro 10% (n=1) fue un caso sin displasia (Grado 0) que asistió a consulta por un control para
cría.
De los casos diagnosticados con displasia coxofemoral (n=9), sólo un caso tuvo
presentación unilateral y el resto fue de tipo bilateral (n=8). Todos los casos fueron de
pacientes con peso corporal superior a 20 kg y de razas grandes. En un caso el motivo de
consulta fue postración y en los demás (n=8) el motivo de consulta fue renquera en el tren
posterior.
La opción de manejo fue la quirúrgica con amputación de la cabeza y cuello femoral, con
excepción de dos casos en los que la resolución fue la eutanasia, debido a otras
complicaciones de los pacientes
This is the final report of a pasanty performed at the “Hospital de Especies Menores at the Universidad Nacional”. It consisted on evaluating dogs suspected of having coxofemoral displasia. The final diagnosis was obtained by radiographic evaluation with the animal in ventro-dorsal extended position. The cases were classified on grades according to the guidelinements of the OFA (Orthopedic Foundation for Animals). A total of 15 cases had at least as one of the consultant motives problems involving coxofemoral joint, some of them had a differential diagnosis: femoral head and neck fracture (n=2), traumatic luxation of the hip (n=2), Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (n=1). In the cases of interest: 60% (n=6) corresponded to very severe dysplasia (Grade 4), 20% (n=2) to severe dysplasia (Grade 3), 10% (n=1) to moderate dysplasia (Grade 2) and the last 10% (n=1) was a non-dysplastic case (Grade 0) that assisted to consultation for reproductive control. Of the cases diagnosed with hip dysplasia (n=9), just one had unilateral presentation, all the others were bilateral (n=8). All of the cases were of patients over 20 kg and of large breeds. In one case the consultant motive was postration, in the others ones (n=8), the motive was lameness of the rear limbs. Management option was surgical amputation of femoral head and neck, in exception of two cases within eutanasia as final resolution because of patients’ complications.
This is the final report of a pasanty performed at the “Hospital de Especies Menores at the Universidad Nacional”. It consisted on evaluating dogs suspected of having coxofemoral displasia. The final diagnosis was obtained by radiographic evaluation with the animal in ventro-dorsal extended position. The cases were classified on grades according to the guidelinements of the OFA (Orthopedic Foundation for Animals). A total of 15 cases had at least as one of the consultant motives problems involving coxofemoral joint, some of them had a differential diagnosis: femoral head and neck fracture (n=2), traumatic luxation of the hip (n=2), Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (n=1). In the cases of interest: 60% (n=6) corresponded to very severe dysplasia (Grade 4), 20% (n=2) to severe dysplasia (Grade 3), 10% (n=1) to moderate dysplasia (Grade 2) and the last 10% (n=1) was a non-dysplastic case (Grade 0) that assisted to consultation for reproductive control. Of the cases diagnosed with hip dysplasia (n=9), just one had unilateral presentation, all the others were bilateral (n=8). All of the cases were of patients over 20 kg and of large breeds. In one case the consultant motive was postration, in the others ones (n=8), the motive was lameness of the rear limbs. Management option was surgical amputation of femoral head and neck, in exception of two cases within eutanasia as final resolution because of patients’ complications.
Descripción
Palabras clave
HOSPITAL VETERINARIO DE LA UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL (COSTA RICA), PERRO, ENFERMEDADES OSEAS, DIAGNOSTICO (MEDICINA VETERINARIA), RADIOLOGIA VETERINARIA, DOG, DIAGNOSIS (VETERINARY MEDICINE), VETERINARY RADIOLOGY