Emergencias y cuidados críticos de especies menores en el Veterinary Health Center, Collage of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Estados Unidos de América y en el Hospital de Especialidades Veterinarias de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estados Unidos Americanos
Fecha
2020-05-26
Autores
Arias Garro, Nazareth
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
El proyecto consistió en dos pasantías en el área de emergencias y cuidados críticos
de especies menores llevadas a cabo durante el 2019. En el Veterinary Health Center, Kansas
State University (VHC-KSU) del 4 de junio al 14 de julio y en el Hospital de Especialidades
Veterinarias de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (HEV-UNAM) desde el 29
de agosto hasta el 29 de septiembre. Para el final de este periodo, se atendió un total 217
pacientes, 103 en VHC-KSU y 113 en HEV-UNAM.
Con el fin de cumplir con los objetivos de esta pasantía, se explican los métodos de
clasificación de pacientes (triage) según su condición de ingreso al hospital, distintos
protocolos de manejos en emergencias y técnicas de estabilización.
En las prácticas e internamientos fue posible realizar triage, sujeción, toma de
muestras, examen físico general de los pacientes, toma de imágenes médicas, administración
de medicaciones, maniobras terapéuticas y monitorización de estos. En el VHC-KSU se
realizaron análisis de artículos científicos relacionados a los casos.
En el HEV-UNAM se realizaron rondas de lunes a sábado con el servicio de
emergencias donde se comentaban todos los casos internados y un temario de estudio con
participación obligatoria, además de rondas los viernes, con todas las áreas del hospital,
donde se seleccionaban los casos más relevantes para ser presentados por los internos y
residentes.
Se recopiló toda la información referente a los casos clínicos en los que se tuvo
participación con el fin de poder realizar análisis de datos descriptivos y comparativas entre
los hospitales visitados, siendo los tres principales motivos de consulta: convulsiones,
dificultad respiratoria y vómito.
Además se eligió un caso clínico perteneciente a uno de los principales motivos de
consulta, dificultad respiratoria. Esto para explicar el abordaje y el manejo de este
ejemplificando el trabajo realizado en la pasantía y los equipos que pudieron utilizarse en el
manejo de casos.
The present work is about two externships performed in the area of emergency and critical care in small animals at two different universities in 2019. The first one at the Veterinary Health Center from Kansas State University (VHC-KSU) from June 4 to July 14 and the second at the Hospital de Especialidades Veterinarias from the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (HEV-UNAM) from August 29 till September 29. By the time the externship was over a total of 217 patients had been attended from which 103 were from VHC-KSU and 113 from HEV-UNAM. In order to accomplish the objectives of this work, it is necessary to explain the triage method (classification of patients according to the conditions they present at the time they arrived at the hospitals), the different protocols of emergency and stabilization techniques. Some of the procedures performed during the externship were doing triage, restrain, collection of samples, physical examinations, medical imaging, different medical procedures and monitoring of patients during hospitalization as part of the practice done at the hospitals. Also, at VHC-KSU scientific journals were review related to the cases seen. On the HEV-UNAM daily rounds were completed from Monday to Saturday on the emergency service. In these rounds all the cases were commented and analyzed, and a theme related was chosen to investigate and discuss. On Fridays all the hospital services did general rounds were the mayor cases from each service were analyzed by all interns and residents. All the information about the clinical cases seen was collected, in order to analyze the data with descriptive and comparative statistics between the two hospitals visited. The primary complaints were seizures, respiratory distress and vomiting. The clinical case was chosen from one of the topics discussed before (respiratory distress) were I explained the approach and management done. This as an example of the work done and new things learned (like the use of novel medical equipment) on the externships
The present work is about two externships performed in the area of emergency and critical care in small animals at two different universities in 2019. The first one at the Veterinary Health Center from Kansas State University (VHC-KSU) from June 4 to July 14 and the second at the Hospital de Especialidades Veterinarias from the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (HEV-UNAM) from August 29 till September 29. By the time the externship was over a total of 217 patients had been attended from which 103 were from VHC-KSU and 113 from HEV-UNAM. In order to accomplish the objectives of this work, it is necessary to explain the triage method (classification of patients according to the conditions they present at the time they arrived at the hospitals), the different protocols of emergency and stabilization techniques. Some of the procedures performed during the externship were doing triage, restrain, collection of samples, physical examinations, medical imaging, different medical procedures and monitoring of patients during hospitalization as part of the practice done at the hospitals. Also, at VHC-KSU scientific journals were review related to the cases seen. On the HEV-UNAM daily rounds were completed from Monday to Saturday on the emergency service. In these rounds all the cases were commented and analyzed, and a theme related was chosen to investigate and discuss. On Fridays all the hospital services did general rounds were the mayor cases from each service were analyzed by all interns and residents. All the information about the clinical cases seen was collected, in order to analyze the data with descriptive and comparative statistics between the two hospitals visited. The primary complaints were seizures, respiratory distress and vomiting. The clinical case was chosen from one of the topics discussed before (respiratory distress) were I explained the approach and management done. This as an example of the work done and new things learned (like the use of novel medical equipment) on the externships
Descripción
Palabras clave
ESPECIES MENORES, PERRO, GATO, MEDICINA VETERINARIA DE URGENCIAS, DIAGNÓSTICO (MEDICINA VETERINARIA), DIAGNOSTICO DE LABORATORIO (MEDICINA VETERINARIA), DIAGNÓSTICO MEDIANTE ULTRASONIDOS, DOG, CAT, LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS (VETERINARY MEDICINE), ULTRASOUND DIAGNOSIS, EMERGENCY VETERINARY MEDICINE