Modelo de educación para la paz y derechos humanos para enfrentar el bullying en el aula: Colegio Técnico Profesional Ulloa, con estudiantes de noveno, año 2013
Fecha
2013
Autores
Aragón Durán, Melania
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
En Costa Rica, las estadísticas demuestran que en la década del 2000 al 2009 y de acuerdo con la edad de la población fallecida por suicidio, por grupo etario y según año, (valores porcentuales); cl periodo que reporta mayor cantidad de suicidios en personas menores de 18 años es 2002 con 11,3% del total; en contraste con un 3,6% para cl 2009. Estas cifras no deben tomarse a la ligera pues de acuerdo con Sáenz (2011) “(…) las conductas suicidas en personas adolescentes pueden asumir con el paso del tiempo un mayor nivel de letalidad si no se efectúa una intervención adecuada y oportuna”. (p. 44). Si bien no puede alegarse que la única causa del suicidio adolescente es el bullying. si da una idea de la problemática real. Es por ello que el presente trabajo pretende poner en evidencia el bullying como una forma de discriminación en los espacios educativos, específicamente en uno de los colegios de la provincia de Heredia. Se plantean dos objetivos generales que orientaron el desarrollo del proceso: a. Estudiar las formas de discriminación que permean las relaciones entre la población estudiantil de noveno año, del Colegio Técnico Profesional Ulloa (CTPU), como un elemento que imposibilita el proceso de aprendizaje dentro de un Contexto de respeto a la diversidad y a los derechos humanos y b Elaborar un taller de sensibilización que permita la convivencia desde el respeto a las diferencias en las comunidades de aprendizaje, para promover una educación para la paz. como un elemento para combatir el bullying.
El estudio es de tipo cualitativo y se enmarca dentro de un diagnóstico situacional porque busca entender una situación como parte de la realidad que tiene significado para las y los actores como tema de entendimiento común. para generar conocimientos que permitan la toma de decisiones. La muestra fue dirigida y estuvo conformada por 191 estudiantes: los resultados no buscaron las conclusiones generalizables sino evidenciar hechos en el contexto especifico. Los cuales muestran que el bullying es una práctica real dentro de la convivencia de la población en estudio y atenta contra la dignidad humana como forma de discriminación que es. Fue necesario conocer la realidad estudiantil para, a partir de los hallazgos, desarrollar un taller que busca apoyar los procesos docentes para avanzar hacia una educación para la paz y los derechos humanos y dejar atrás propuestas punitivas poco formativas.
In Costa Rica, statistics show that in the decade from 2000 to 2009 and according to the age of the population that died by suicide, by age group and by year, (percentage values); the period that reports the greatest number of suicides in people under 18 years of age is 2002 with 11.3% of the total; in contrast to 3.6% for 2009. These figures should not be taken lightly because according to Sáenz (2011) "(...) suicidal behaviors in adolescents can assume over time a higher level of lethality if there is not an appropriate and timely intervention". (p. 44). Although it cannot be argued that the only cause of adolescent suicide is bullying, it does give an idea of the real problem. That is why this work aims to highlight bullying as a form of discrimination in educational spaces, specifically in one of the schools in the province of Heredia. There are two general objectives that guided the development of the process: a. To study the forms of discrimination that permeate the relations between the ninth year student population of the Ulloa Technical Professional School (CTPU), as an element that makes the learning process impossible within a context of respect for diversity and human rights and b. To develop an awareness workshop that allows coexistence from respect for differences in learning communities, to promote education for peace, as an element to combat bullying. The study is qualitative and is framed within a situational diagnosis because it seeks to understand a situation as part of the reality that has meaning for the actors as a subject of common understanding, to generate knowledge that allows decision making. The sample was directed and was made up of 191 students: the results did not look for generalizable conclusions but rather evidence of facts in the specific context. They show that bullying is a real practice within the coexistence of the population under study and threatens human dignity as a form of discrimination that is. It was necessary to know the students' reality in order to develop a workshop that seeks to support the teaching processes to advance towards an education for peace and human rights and to leave behind punitive proposals that are not very formative.
In Costa Rica, statistics show that in the decade from 2000 to 2009 and according to the age of the population that died by suicide, by age group and by year, (percentage values); the period that reports the greatest number of suicides in people under 18 years of age is 2002 with 11.3% of the total; in contrast to 3.6% for 2009. These figures should not be taken lightly because according to Sáenz (2011) "(...) suicidal behaviors in adolescents can assume over time a higher level of lethality if there is not an appropriate and timely intervention". (p. 44). Although it cannot be argued that the only cause of adolescent suicide is bullying, it does give an idea of the real problem. That is why this work aims to highlight bullying as a form of discrimination in educational spaces, specifically in one of the schools in the province of Heredia. There are two general objectives that guided the development of the process: a. To study the forms of discrimination that permeate the relations between the ninth year student population of the Ulloa Technical Professional School (CTPU), as an element that makes the learning process impossible within a context of respect for diversity and human rights and b. To develop an awareness workshop that allows coexistence from respect for differences in learning communities, to promote education for peace, as an element to combat bullying. The study is qualitative and is framed within a situational diagnosis because it seeks to understand a situation as part of the reality that has meaning for the actors as a subject of common understanding, to generate knowledge that allows decision making. The sample was directed and was made up of 191 students: the results did not look for generalizable conclusions but rather evidence of facts in the specific context. They show that bullying is a real practice within the coexistence of the population under study and threatens human dignity as a form of discrimination that is. It was necessary to know the students' reality in order to develop a workshop that seeks to support the teaching processes to advance towards an education for peace and human rights and to leave behind punitive proposals that are not very formative.
Descripción
Maestría en Derechos Humanos y Educación para la Paz
Palabras clave
DERECHOS HUMANOS, EDUCACIÓN, COSTA RICA, VIOLENCIA EN CENTROS EDUCATIVOS, ENSEÑANZA SECUNDARIA, HUMAN RIGHTS, EDUCATION, VIOLENCE IN SCHOOLS, SECONDARY EDUCATION