Pasantía clínica y quirúrgica en animales de compañía, realizada en las Clínicas Dr. Bitter V.
Fecha
2019-02-04
Autores
Serrano Umaña., Christian
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica.
Resumen
La pasantía se realizó en las clínicas veterinarias Dr. Bitter, ubicadas en Barrio
Naciones Unidas, en San José, y en San Rafael de Escazú; con una duración de ocho
semanas. El trabajo consistió en la evaluación de todos los pacientes de distintas especies,
razas, sexos y edades, que ingresaban a las clínicas.
El ejercicio de la medicina veterinaria obliga al médico a ser un observador e
investigador con amplio criterio, ya que muchos de los males que aquejan a los pacientes
no tienen necesariamente una manifestación clínica evidente. De esto deriva la importancia
de mejorar las destrezas clínicas y quirúrgicas, tanto en especies de compañía como
especies exóticas. Esto lo logramos al abordar y discutir los casos clínicos, instaurar
terapias, interpretar pruebas complementarias y en los casos que lo requieran, la selección
del manejo quirúrgico.
Se atendieron un total de 226 pacientes, entre caninos, felinos y especies exóticas,
participando activamente en el área de medicina interna y cirugía, así como en la
interpretación de pruebas complementarias en cada paciente.
Se evaluaron dos casos clínicos a fondo. El primero consistió en la remoción
quirúrgica de un cuerpo extraño del colon de una iguana verde (Iguana iguana), la cual
ingresa a la clínica con un cuadro de anorexia, pérdida de peso, cambio en su coloración y
depresión. La evaluación clínica es realizada junto al Dr. Randall Arguedas, donde se
sugiere la realización de pruebas diagnósticas para descartar algún problema renal o
retención de huevos.
Posteriormente se realizaron bioquímicas sanguíneas, hemograma y radiografías,
mostrando la presencia del cuerpo extraño en el colon, y en el frotis sanguíneo un aumento
en el conteo de heterófilos, junto con la presencia de heterófilos tóxicos. Se decide realizar
cirugía para la remoción del cuerpo extraño.
El segundo caso clínico involucra un canino de la raza Golden Retriever de seis
años de edad con cirrosis crónica reactiva en fase avanzada. El paciente ingresa por un
cuadro de ascitis, ligeramente deprimido, aunque con buen apetito, y actividad normal. Se
realizan pruebas de función hepática y renal, hemograma y evaluación cardiológica.
An intership was made at Dr. Bitter Veterinary Animal Practice, placed in Barrio NacionesUnidas, San José, and San Rafael, Escazú with an eight weeks duration. This intership consisted in the medical evaluation of every patient from different species, breed, sexes and ages, received at both clinics. Veterinary practice makes the clinician to become an observer and a researcher with wide criterion, since many diseases does not have any clinical symptoms. From this arise the importance to improve the clinical and surgical skills, both in companion and exotic animals. The above was achieved by the approach and discussion of the clinical cases, set up therapies, perform and read complementary tests, and if it was necessary, the surgical procedure. A total of 226 patients among canines, felines and exotics species were attended; with active participation in internal medicine, surgery, and interpretation of complementary tests from each patient. Two clinical cases were evaluated thoroughly. The first one, was a surgical removal of a foreign body in the colon of a green iguana (Iguana iguana), which was admitted because of anorexia, weight loss, coloration changes and depression. The clinical evaluation was performed by Dr. Randall Arguedas, who suggested the following diagnostic tests in order dismiss renal disease or egg binding. After that, blood tests (biochemistry and hematology) and X rays were performed, showing a foreign body in colon of iguana, while the blood smears showed an increase of the heterophil count in addition to the presence of toxic heterophils. The final decision of this case was to take it for foreign body surgical removal. The second clinical case was a six years old Golden Retriever, diagnosed with an end-stage reactive chronic cirrhosis. The patient got ascites and it was depressed, even though he had appetite. A blood chemistry (renal and hepatic) analysis, hematology and cardiac evaluationwere made. The results showed a decreased hepatic function, and in the ultrasound images abdominal organs were almost impossible to visualize. Abdominal liquid extraction was performed without significant changes. Finally, it was decided to euthanize it.
An intership was made at Dr. Bitter Veterinary Animal Practice, placed in Barrio NacionesUnidas, San José, and San Rafael, Escazú with an eight weeks duration. This intership consisted in the medical evaluation of every patient from different species, breed, sexes and ages, received at both clinics. Veterinary practice makes the clinician to become an observer and a researcher with wide criterion, since many diseases does not have any clinical symptoms. From this arise the importance to improve the clinical and surgical skills, both in companion and exotic animals. The above was achieved by the approach and discussion of the clinical cases, set up therapies, perform and read complementary tests, and if it was necessary, the surgical procedure. A total of 226 patients among canines, felines and exotics species were attended; with active participation in internal medicine, surgery, and interpretation of complementary tests from each patient. Two clinical cases were evaluated thoroughly. The first one, was a surgical removal of a foreign body in the colon of a green iguana (Iguana iguana), which was admitted because of anorexia, weight loss, coloration changes and depression. The clinical evaluation was performed by Dr. Randall Arguedas, who suggested the following diagnostic tests in order dismiss renal disease or egg binding. After that, blood tests (biochemistry and hematology) and X rays were performed, showing a foreign body in colon of iguana, while the blood smears showed an increase of the heterophil count in addition to the presence of toxic heterophils. The final decision of this case was to take it for foreign body surgical removal. The second clinical case was a six years old Golden Retriever, diagnosed with an end-stage reactive chronic cirrhosis. The patient got ascites and it was depressed, even though he had appetite. A blood chemistry (renal and hepatic) analysis, hematology and cardiac evaluationwere made. The results showed a decreased hepatic function, and in the ultrasound images abdominal organs were almost impossible to visualize. Abdominal liquid extraction was performed without significant changes. Finally, it was decided to euthanize it.
Descripción
Modalidad: Pasantía
Palabras clave
PERRO, FELINOS, IGUANA, MEDICINA CLÍNICA VETERINARIA, DIAGNÓSTICO (MEDICINA VETERINARIA), DIAGNOSTICO DE LABORATORIO (MEDICINA VETERINARIA), PRUEBAS DE LABORATORIO, CIRUGÍA VETERINARIA