Medicina ambulatoria equina
Fecha
2007-06-19
Autores
Gómez García, Alejandro
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
Se realizó una pasantía en medicina ambulatoria equina, en un período de dieciocho
semanas, durante el cual se visitaron 91 establecimientos de todo Costa Rica y se
atendieron en total 1074 consultas. Entre los caballos atendidos, un 35.29% se agruparon
como animales sanos y un 68.90% se clasificaron como casos clínicos. Se hizo un recuento
de la casuística de acuerdo al sistema u órgano afectado con el siguiente resultado:
reproductor (63.51%), dental (13.11%), locomotor (8.24%), piel (8.24%), gastrointestinal
(3.51%), respiratorio (1.49%), hematopoyético (0.81%), nervioso (0.54%), ocular (0.27%),
comportamiento (0.14%) y renal (0.14%). Se determinó la prevalencia de anemia
infecciosa equina (AIE) entre las muestras sanguíneas tomadas a lo largo de la práctica,
resultando en 0.81% de animales seropositivos. En casos de dermatosis se aplicaron
además exámenes citológicos y directos del material clínico en hidróxido de potasio
(10%). Se realizaron flotaciones de heces para detección de parásitos. Se recomendaron
también medidas sanitarias preventivas en los establecimientos atendidos. Se reporta y
discute un caso de mieloencefalitis protozoárica equina (MPE) en una yegua Pura Raza
Española de cuatro años de edad. En conclusión, mediante una historia y examen físico
detallados se pueden abordar y resolver adecuadamente la mayoría de los casos de la
práctica ambulatoria equina. Las pruebas colaterales utilizadas son de gran ayuda en
cuanto se integren a un examen físico y anamnesis adecuados. La seroprevalencia de AIE
fue baja, pero se advierte que el muestreo no fue representativo, por ser la sangre tomada,
proveniente de animales estabulados en su mayoría. Se requiere un mayor control sanitario
en las caballerizas del país; enfermedades como brucelosis y leptospirosis no están siendo
prevenidas adecuadamente.
The passant in equine ambulatory medicine was directed during an eighteen week’s period. 91 establishments of all around Costa Rica were visited and a total of 1074 consultations were attended. Amongst the attended horses, 35.29% were grouped as healthy animals and 68.90% were classified as clinical cases. A casuistry review according to the affected organ or system resulted as follows: reproductive (63.51%), dental (13.11%), locomotive (8.24%), skin (8.24%), gastrointestinal (3.51%), respiratory (1.49%), hemopoyetic (0.81%), nervous (0.54%), ocular (0.27%), behavioral (0.14%) and renal (0.14%). Amongst the blood samples taken throughout the practice, the prevalence of equine infectious anemia (EIA) was determined as 0.81% of seropositive animals. Cytology and potassium hydroxide (10%) direct examination were performed in cases of dermatoses. Fecal flotations were also performed for parasite detections. Sanitary measures were recommended in the attended establishments. A case of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) in a four years old Andalusian mare is reported and discussed. In conclusion, with an accurate history and physical examination, most of the attended cases of the equine ambulatory practice in the country, can be boarded and resolved in an adequate manner. The applied collateral tests are very helpful as long as they are integrated with an adequate anamnesis and physical examination. The EIA prevalence was low, however, it is warned that sampling was not representative, since the taken blood comes mainly from stalled horses. It is imperative an improvement in sanitary measures in the country’s horse establishments; diseases as brucelosis and leptospirosis are not being prevented adequately.
The passant in equine ambulatory medicine was directed during an eighteen week’s period. 91 establishments of all around Costa Rica were visited and a total of 1074 consultations were attended. Amongst the attended horses, 35.29% were grouped as healthy animals and 68.90% were classified as clinical cases. A casuistry review according to the affected organ or system resulted as follows: reproductive (63.51%), dental (13.11%), locomotive (8.24%), skin (8.24%), gastrointestinal (3.51%), respiratory (1.49%), hemopoyetic (0.81%), nervous (0.54%), ocular (0.27%), behavioral (0.14%) and renal (0.14%). Amongst the blood samples taken throughout the practice, the prevalence of equine infectious anemia (EIA) was determined as 0.81% of seropositive animals. Cytology and potassium hydroxide (10%) direct examination were performed in cases of dermatoses. Fecal flotations were also performed for parasite detections. Sanitary measures were recommended in the attended establishments. A case of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) in a four years old Andalusian mare is reported and discussed. In conclusion, with an accurate history and physical examination, most of the attended cases of the equine ambulatory practice in the country, can be boarded and resolved in an adequate manner. The applied collateral tests are very helpful as long as they are integrated with an adequate anamnesis and physical examination. The EIA prevalence was low, however, it is warned that sampling was not representative, since the taken blood comes mainly from stalled horses. It is imperative an improvement in sanitary measures in the country’s horse establishments; diseases as brucelosis and leptospirosis are not being prevented adequately.
Descripción
Modalidad: Pasantía
Palabras clave
COSTA RICA, CABALLOS, DIAGNOSTICO (MEDICINA VETERINARIA)