Determinación de diferentes patologías hepáticas en caninos enfermos por medio de la ultrasonografía
Fecha
2010-08-16
Autores
Morelli Quesada, Gianfranco
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
La pasantía se llevó a cabo en el Hospital de Especies Menores y Silvestres de la
Universidad Nacional y en la Clínica Veterinaria Dr. Pablo Avendaño durante un periodo de 6
meses, los cuales comprendieron desde junio a diciembre del 2009.
Consistió en evaluar pacientes caninos de diferente edad, raza y sexo, que presentaban
alguna sintomatología de fallo hepático y alguna alteración en las enzimas hepáticas, las
cuales fueron medidas mediante exámenes sanguíneos.
Se lograron evaluar 59 animales a los cuales se les realizó un ultrasonido para observar
el tamaño, estructura y conformación del hígado y la vesícula biliar, para así lograr determinar
alguna anormalidad en este órgano y de esta manera llegar al diagnóstico de la patología que
estaba presentando cada paciente.
Las patologías hepáticas son comunes en caninos, sin embargo sus síntomas son muy
inespecíficos, por lo que muchas veces su diagnóstico se hace de una forma muy general. En
este estudio con la ayuda del ultrasonido se ha logrado determinar cuales son las patologías
que llegan a afectar el hígado y cuales se presentan con mayor frecuencia, tal es el caso de la
hepatomegalia que se presentó en un 56.7%, congestión hepática en el 40%, hígado pequeño
en un 3%, pérdida en la homogeneidad en el 21.7% de los casos, la cirrosis hepática se
observó en 3.4%, necrosis en el 5%, neoplasias en 10%, quistes solo se vieron en 1.7% de los
casos, colangiohepatitis en el 10%, coleocistitis en 15% y cálculos biliares en el 3.4% de los
casos.
The project was carried out at the Hospital de Especies Menores y Silvestres in the Universidad Nacional and at the Clínica Veterinaria Dr Pablo Avendaño, over a period of 6 months, from June to December 2009. It consisted in the evaluation of canine patients of different ages, races and sex, that presented hepatic failure symptomatology and alteration of the hepatic enzymes, which were measured previously by a blood exam. Over 59 animals were evaluated and an ultrasound was made to examine the size, structure and conformation of the liver and the gallbladder, so abnormalities at this organ could be determined and a good diagnosis of the pathology that the patient was suffering could be reached. The hepatic pathologies are very common in canines, but the symptoms in these cases are very unspecific, so the diagnoses are made in a very general way. In this project with the help of the ultrasound we were able to specify which pathology was affecting the liver in each patient and the frequency of them, that is the case of the hepatomegaly that was present in a 56.7% of the cases, hepatic congestion in 40%, a small liver in 3%, lost of the normal homogeneity in 21.7% of the cases, hepatic cirrhosis in 3.4%, hepatic necrosis in 5%, hepatic neoplasia 10%, cysts were only seen in 1.7% of the cases, cholangiohepatitis in 10%, cholecystitis in 15% and biliary calculi in 3.4% of the cases.
The project was carried out at the Hospital de Especies Menores y Silvestres in the Universidad Nacional and at the Clínica Veterinaria Dr Pablo Avendaño, over a period of 6 months, from June to December 2009. It consisted in the evaluation of canine patients of different ages, races and sex, that presented hepatic failure symptomatology and alteration of the hepatic enzymes, which were measured previously by a blood exam. Over 59 animals were evaluated and an ultrasound was made to examine the size, structure and conformation of the liver and the gallbladder, so abnormalities at this organ could be determined and a good diagnosis of the pathology that the patient was suffering could be reached. The hepatic pathologies are very common in canines, but the symptoms in these cases are very unspecific, so the diagnoses are made in a very general way. In this project with the help of the ultrasound we were able to specify which pathology was affecting the liver in each patient and the frequency of them, that is the case of the hepatomegaly that was present in a 56.7% of the cases, hepatic congestion in 40%, a small liver in 3%, lost of the normal homogeneity in 21.7% of the cases, hepatic cirrhosis in 3.4%, hepatic necrosis in 5%, hepatic neoplasia 10%, cysts were only seen in 1.7% of the cases, cholangiohepatitis in 10%, cholecystitis in 15% and biliary calculi in 3.4% of the cases.
Descripción
Modalidad: Pasantía
Palabras clave
PERRO, ENFERMEDADES HEPÁTICAS, DIAGNÓSTICO (MEDICINA VETERINARIA), ULTRASONIDO(MEDICINA VETERINARIA)