Ponencias

URI permanente para esta colecciónhttp://10.0.96.45:4000/handle/11056/14609

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A first estimation of Tsunami Hazard of the Caribbean Coast of Costa Rica from Local and Distant Seismogenic Sources
(IV Assembly of the Latin American and Caribbean Seismological Commission, LACSC 2022, 2022-10-04) Chacon-Barrantes, Silvia; Murillo Gutiérrez, Anthony; Rivera, Fabio
Costa Rica has experienced 41 tsunamis since 1746, 36 of them at the Pacific coast and only 5 at the Caribbean coast. However, the oldest record belongs to the Caribbean coast, as well as the only tsunami that has caused deaths in Costa Rica: the 1991 Limón tsunami.
Characterizing tsunami signals from the Hunga Tonga-Hunga-Ha’apai eruption and its effects on the Caribbean
(American Geophysical Union, 2022-12-13) Sostre-Cortés, Jelis; Vanacore, Elizabeth A.; von Hillebrandt-Andrade, Christa; Watlington, Roy A.; Joseph, Erouscilla P.; Dourado, Francisco; Colón Rodríguez, Benjamín; Fontaine, Fabrice J.; Chacón Barrantes, Silvia; Paris, Raphael; Robertson, Richard E.A.; Mercado, Aurelio; Gómez Ramos, Octavio; McNamara, Daniel E.; Soto, Stephanie; Clouard, Valerie; Brome, Alison; Aliaga, Bernardo; Kong, Laura S.L.; Deroussi, Sebastien
The Hunga Tonga Hunga Ha'apai eruption of January 15 2022, was a rare geological event, resulting in atmospheric pressure waves being recorded around the world. The event caused significant environmental consequences, including sea-level fluctuations in the Caribbean. The focus of this research is to analyze the tsunami and pressure waves generated in the Caribbean, by this volcanic eruption. These perturbations are uncommon and have not been seen in many occurrences, let alone with global implications. Modern instrumentation in the Caribbean including both barometers and sea-level stations provided a unique opportunity to observe and analyze this event. A comprehensive review of the observations recorded in the Caribbean and adjacent regions linking the barometric observations to sea level perturbations, including observations of the lead/lag of the sea level perturbations relative to the barometric pressure spikes and the frequency content of observable sea level perturbations is presented in this study. For instance, at several stations in Puerto Rico, 7 barometric spikes were observed of which the first 3 generated a significant sea level observation. Notably in Puerto Rico the second barometric spike lagged the sea level anomaly by ~80 minutes. Factors complicating observations or non-observations such as land-water interactions as well as interference from factors such as a strong cold front will also be discussed. The goal of this study, which will integrate observations from across the Caribbean, is to better understand the nature of this unique event and how it was observed in the region. As such, this research can offer insight into the factors that may influence volcanic tsunamis, which is invaluable for developing tsunami warning and response protocols.
Numerical modeling of tsunamis originated at Colombia-Ecuador Trench for Costa Rica
(IV Assembly of the Latin American and Caribbean Seismological Commission, LACSC 2022, 2022-10-04) Chacon-Barrantes, Silvia; Rivera, Fabio; Murillo Gutiérrez, Anthony
Costa Rica is exposed to tsunamis at both Pacific and Caribbean coasts. Costa Rica has experienced 41 tsunamis since 1746 with moderated impact (Chacón-Barrantes et al., 2021), but the coastal population has increased exponentially in the past decades. Chacón-Barrantes and ArozarenaLlopis (2021) performed a first estimation of tsunami hazard for the Pacific coast of Costa Rica using local and distant seismic sources. For distant tsunamis they used combinations of unitary sources with a standard Mw=9.3 around the Pacific basin. They found that tsunamis originated at the Colombia-Ecuador Subduction Zone represent one of the highest threats for Costa Rica. In 2019, IOC/UNESCO organized the Experts Meeting on Tsunami Sources, Hazards, Risk and Uncertainties Associated with the Colombia-Ecuador Subduction Zone (IOC-UNESCO, 2021). At this meeting, seven worst-case scenarios were proposed along the 1220-km-length trench. Six scenarios have magnitudes from Mw=7.9 to Mw=8.7 with high probability of occurrence and one multi-segment scenario was considered possible but less likely to occur, rupturing along 560 km with a Mw=8.9. (IOC-UNESCO, 2020). Here, we model the tsunami inundation caused by these scenarios at Bahía Culebra, Potrero, Tamarindo, Sámara, Tambor, Puntarenas, Jacó, Quepos and Coco’s Island. The inundation areas and flow depths obtained with these scenarios were smaller than those obtained previously with Mw=9.3 unitary sources, as expected. Still, the arrival times are between 90 minutes and 2.5 hours, which requires a strong community preparedness and a prompt response by local authorities to ensure a timely evacuation.
Numerical Simulation of Several Tectonic Tsunami Sources at the Caribbean Basin
(2016) Chacon-Barrantes, Silvia; Lopez-Venegas, Alberto; Macías, Jorge; Zamora, Natalia; Moore, Christopher; Llorente Isidro, Miguel
According to the NGDC/WDS Global Historical Tsunami Database, the Caribbean Sea has experienced more than 100 historical tsunamis. The most recent tsunami observed in this basin was caused by the 2010 Haity Mw 7.0 earthquake with up to 3.2 runup (Fritz et al. 2013). Still, as tsunamis are not frequent in this basin, tsunami awareness represents a challenge even more because of population increase, tourism, infrastructure and development along the coastal area. The Intergovernmental Coordination Group of the Early Warning System for Tsunamis and Other Coastal threats in the Caribbean Sea and Adjacent Regions (ICG / CARIBE - EWS) seeks to increase tsunami preparedness in the region. Its Hazard Assessment Working Group (WG2) has been assigned the task of identifying potential tsunami sources. During 2016 IOC/UNESCO sponsored three Experts Meetings on Tectonic Tsunami Sources focusing on Honduras, Central America and the Dominican Republic southern coast. The work presented here is part of the results the WG2 has obtained by modeling the credible worst – case scenarios among others, as well as provide future scenarios for CaribeWave exercises.
Tsunamis from Tectonic Sources along Caribbean Plate Boundaries
(2015) Lopez-Venegas, Alberto; Chacon-Barrantes, Silvia; Zamora, Natalia; Audermard, Franck; Dondin, Frederic; Clouard, Valerie; Lovholt, Finn; Harbitz, Carl Bonnevie; Vanacore, Elizabeth; Huérfano, Victo
The Caribbean region, home to more than 100 million people, has seen for the last 500 years at Least 75 documented tsunamis (von Hillebrandt-Andrade, 2013). It has been estimated that more than 4500 people have perished as a result (Dunbar et al, 2008; see Figure 2). The Working Group 2 (WG2) of the ICG/CARIBE-EWS in charge of Tsunami Hazard Assessment is a multinational group of experts from and outside the Caribbean region currently focusing on various tsunami aspects. The WG2 has been assigned the task of compiling a list of most credible sources from tectonic origin for the Caribbean nations. For this poster, a subgroup within the WG2 has been formed to evaluate published literature on tsunami sources and develop a comprehensive list based solely on credible sources evaluated through geological and geophysical studies, and seismology. This poster presents the sources and their justification as most-probable tsunami sources based on the context of crustal deformation due to Caribbean plate interacting with neighboring plates and deforming microplates within the plate`s boundaries.

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