Ponencias

URI permanente para esta colecciónhttp://10.0.96.45:4000/handle/11056/14605

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El equino como modelo para la investigación ortopédica traslacional: ejemplos de estudios sobre la regeneración de cartílago y hueso realizados en Costa Rica
(Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica, 2019-04) Vindas Bolaños, Rafael Ángel
Generalidades de cartílago, hueso subcondral, hueso y tipos de defectos para estudios de medicina regenerativa en cartílago, estudios realizados en Costa Rica
Estudios ortopédicos traslacionales sobre regeneración de cartílago y hueso, realizados entre la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica y la Universidad de Utrecht de los Países Bajos
(Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica, 2021) Vindas Bolaños, Rafael Ángel
Conferencia sobre las generalidades de los estudios ortopédicos en medicina regenerativa especializada en tejido cartilaginoso y óseo, realizados en la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica y Universidad de Utrecht de los Países Bajos.
Heritability and genetic correlations for scrotal circumference at different ages in Brahman bulls raised under tropical conditions
(International Ruminant Reproduction Symposium, 2018-09) Víquez, C.; Chacón Calderón, Jorge; Vargas Leitón, Bernardo
Beef herds in the tropics are based on the utilization of Bos indicus and its crosses bred naturally. Genetic progress has been traditionally restrained by many factors including social, climatic, nutritional and management, among others. Besides, there is little selection of sires through variables correlated to their profitability, such as scrotal circumference (SC). This fact justifies attention to and research on those valuable characteristics as selection criterion to benefit genetic improvement in those systems. This paper aimed to determine the heritability index and genetic correlations for SC at different ages in Brahman bulls, to establish its use as a robust selection criterion at early ages in sires raised under tropical conditions. Heritability index (h2 ) and genetic correlations (rg ) for SC at different ages were determined in 485 full blood Brahman bulls distributed in 8 herds from the North dry Pacific region of Costa Rica. Monthly SC measurements were performed by the same operator from 7 to 24 months of age. The genetic estimates were determined with a bivariate random regression animal model (SAS, ver 9.3, 2010). The model considered the fixed effects of herd, year and season of birth, nutritional plane, body weight, age at weaning and calving number of the mother. In addition, the random permanent effect of environment and animal additive genetic effect were considered. The genealogy data base included 3000 animals distributed in 7 ancestors ́ generations. The average h2 index for SC was 0.58 (range 0.48-0.72), being highest at 20 months of age. In addition, SC h2 was higher in the period comprising 14 to 20 months of age compared to younger ages. The h2 index found in this study in Brahman bulls is higher than previous reports in crossbred zebu sires in Australia (Brahman and Sahiwal x Shorthorn; h2 =0.40 and 0.45 at 18 and 24 months respectively; Fordyce et al., 1996. Aust J Exp Agric, 36:9-17). In contrast, they are lower than those published for most Bos taurus breeds raised under sub-tropical climate. Coulter for instance (Coulter et al., 1976. J Anim Sci, 43:9-12), reported average h2 =0.68 in Holstein bulls under conditions of an experimental station. The SC rg coefficients obtained in this study in Brahmans aged 7 to 24 months ranged from 0.43 to 1. Furthermore, rg among yearling and bulls 18, 20, 22 and 24 months of age were higher (0.95, 0.92, 0.89 and 0.84 respectively) than those obtained among 7 months-old bulls and the same age range (0.43, 0.43, 0.44 and 0.45). These findings indicate that selection of Brahman sires by their SC can be performed as early as 12 months of age with high confidence (>80%) of their SC when adults (24 months). In addition, the lower h2 and rg for SC obtained among bulls <11 months and older ages (20-24 months), suggest that the initial post weaning is a stressful and adaptation period in Brahman steers. This fact should be considered by breeders and practitioners when choosing the right age for selection of prospective Brahman sires. This study was funded by the Andrology Section-UNA.
Participación de los veterinarios oficiales y privados en la vigilancia epidemiológica
(Colegio de Médicos Veterinarios de Costa Rica, 2009-11-20) Hutter, Sabine E.; Sandi, Alexis; Vindas Bolaños, Rafael Ángel
Aumento en los últimos años en muchos países; Costa Rica: Miembro de la OMC desde 1995 y Acuerdo sobre la aplicación de medidas sanitarias y fitosanitarias (SPS agreement)
Pig inspection: software for the visual inspection system in pigs
(International Pig Veterinary Society Congress, 2020) Passos Pequeno, Andréia; A. G. González, José; A. Vargas, Ana L.; Alfaro Zúñiga, Carlos E.
One of the main purposes of meat inspection is to prevent and detect public health hazards, such as foodborne pathogens or chemical contaminants in meat. Furthermore, the information obtained from slaughter animals allows for the planning of animal health management programmes and monitoring the effectiveness of disease treatment and prevention strategies (1, 2). There is a consensus in recognizing that traditional meat inspection is no longer able to address the hazards related to meat consumption. For these reasons, legislations all over the world are changing meat inspection techniques, moving towards visual-only techniques. The visual-only inspection has showed greater efficiency than the traditional inspection in detecting lesions. However, many countries still do not have data on possible applications of a visual inspection system in pigs, moreover consistent data on post-mortem lesions for pigs in the slaughterhouse is missing. There is also great difficulty in the criteria for condemnation of organs or carcass (4, 5). Therefore, the objective of the present study was to develop a software designed to recognize, classify and quantify the main diseases and macroscopic lesions that attack the pigs of age to slaughter in the post-mortem inspection stage.
Primer hallazgo de Anaplasma spp. y Babesia spp. en ovejas de Costa Rica
(Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica, 2014) Huertas Segura, Rose Mary; Montero Caballero, Danilo; Vindas Bolaños, Rafael; Bouza-Mora, Laura; Jiménez Rocha, Ana Eugenia; Hernández-Gamboa, Jorge
Las garrapatas son unas de las principales causantes de pérdidas económicas en la producción ganadera debido a su capacidad de transmisión de patógenos como Anaplasma spp., Babesia spp. y Theileria spp. Estas enfermedades son potenciales zoonosis que afectan a las personas que conviven en las zonas de producción, razón de importancia para la detección de focos de infección y el desarrollo de tratamientos efectivos para su control y erradicación (Rodríguez-Vivas et al., 2000; Torina et al., 2011). La facilidad de distribución de las garrapatas, además de los diversos factores como clima, suelo, tipos de vegetación y factores ecológicos (como diversos tipos de garrapatas y sus estadios) favorece las enfermedades concomitantes en las diferentes especies productivas, observación importante comprobada con el siguiente estudio y sus hallazgos nunca reportados en Costa Rica. La anaplasmosis y/o babesiosis coinciden en los principales signos clínicos como: fiebre, inapetencia (posterior emaciación), debilidad, temblores musculares, anorexia, membranas mucosas pálidas debido a cuadros anémicos generando ictericia y hemoglobinuria cuando la hemólisis es intravascular (Steffany et al., 2013). El estudio es realizado en una finca de la zona de Guácimo-Limón, en la cual se encontraba un hato ovino de 31 animales, los cuales luego de ser trasladados de la Meseta Central a esta zona endémica de vectores, empezaron con signos de anemia y decaimiento, los valores de del Sistema FAMACHA entre el rango 3 y 5, realizada para determinar los efectos de la Haemonchosis causada por el Haemonchus contortus. Se realizaron exámenes de sangre (hemogramas) y coproparasitológicos de forma seriada a los mismos animales. Los hallazgos de los hemogramas evidenciaron estructuras compatibles con Anaplasma spp y Babesia spp, además de la evidente anemia y disminución de la hemoglobina. Algunos daban positivos a una carga parasitaria alta de Haemonchus contortus. Se obtuvieron excelentes resultados luego de instaurar el tratamiento para ambas infecciones.
Registro de medidas y descripción del esqueleto de dos ejemplares de perezoso de dos dedos Choloepus hoffmanni
(Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica, 2018-08) Soto Vizcaíno, C; Alpízar Boza, A.; Artavia Vargas, A.L; Castro Núñez, D.; Gutiérrez Chacón, M.; Mata Rodríguez, I.; Lizano, A.; Serrano Alfaro, H.F; Passos Pequeno, Andréia
El objetivo del presente trabajo es aportar información sobre medidas craneanas y apendiculares de los dos ejemplares C. hoffmanni, además de una breve descripción del esqueleto de esta especie. Para esto fueron utilizados dos individuos de perezosos de dos dedos procedentes de la Cátedra de Patología de la escuela de Medicina Veterinaria.
Scrotal Circumference in grass-fed bulls extensively reared in Costa Rica
(Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica, 2010-07) Chacón Calderón, Jorge; Perez Gutierrez, Enrique; Aranda, Denise
Scrotal circumference mean values discloused by breed and age range are reported for bulls extensively reared and grass-fed. It aims to be used as a reference selection standad for similar sires.

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