Artículos Científicos

URI permanente para esta colecciónhttp://10.0.96.45:4000/handle/11056/17242

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Phytochemical Profiling of Clusia valerioi (Standl.) Floral Resin and Its Correlation with the Chemical Composition of Propolis from Southern Costa Rica
(Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica, 2025-04-16) Segura-Víquez, Andrea; Soto-Fallas, Roy M; Borbón-Alpízar, Henry; Umaña-Rojas, Eduardo; Zamora-Fallas, Gabriel; Sánchez-Chaves, Luis; Fallas-Matamoros, Natalia; Montenegro-Hidalgo, Víctor; Alfaro-Alarcón, Alejandro; Guevara-González, Mariana; Romero-Vega, Luis; Loaiza-Montoya, Randall; Picado-Canales, Natalin; Barrantes-Murillo Erika
Abstract Propolis are resinous byproducts produced by bees, known for their wide range of bioactive properties. The chemical composition of propolis is closely linked to the botanical environment surrounding the hive. Clusia valerioi (Standl.), a plant species endemic to Costa Rica, is commonly found in the country's southern region and produces floral resins that are collected by bees for propolis production. This ecological relationship suggests that chemical traceability between C. valerioi floral resins and propolis produced in nearby apiaries is feasible. In this study, ethanolic extracts from propolis samples collected at eight apiaries, resin loads transported by forager bees, and floral resin samples from C. valerioi at four sites near two of these apiaries were analyzed using high- performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC). The analysis revealed three chemical markers—referred to as compounds A, B, and C—that support the traceability of chemical constituents from floral resin to propolis. Compound A was identified as a terpene derivative, while compound C was determined to be a flavonoid derivative (specifically a flavonol or flavanone). Compound B was isolated and identified as a polyprenylated polycyclic benzophenone, and was conclusively characterized as nemorosone based on proton (¹H-NMR) and carbon-13 (¹³C-NMR) nuclear magnetic resonance spectra.
Relationship between chemical composition, botanical origin and antiparasitic activity of Costarican propolis against Trypanosoma cruzi
(Universidad de Antioquia, Colombia, 2022) Barrantes-Murillo, Erika; Alfaro- Alarcon, Alejandro; Fallas-Matamoros, Natalia; Guevara-Gonzalez, Mariana; Montenegro-Hidalgo, Victor; Picado-Canales, Natalin; Sanchez- Chaves, Luis Alejandro; Segura-Víquez, Andrea; Soto-Fallas, Roy Mario; Valdes-Diaz, Sandra; Zamora- Fallas, Luis; Zamora-Rodríguez, Mónica; Loaiza-Montoya, Randall; Umaña-Rojas, Eduardo
Chagas disease affects millions of people throughout Latin America; more than 300,000 new cases and 12,000 deaths are reported yearly. Due the high incidence, social and economic impact, the search for efficient, effective, and safe treatments for this disease has become a priority in the region. Based on previously published studies, it has been determined that some propolis extracts with polyisoprenylated benzophenones (BPI), such as nemorosone, have important trypanocidal activity. Furthermore, BPIs with activity against Trypanosoma cruzi can be found in floral resins of species of the genus Clusia in the southern region of Costa Rica. Therefore, this study proposes to evaluate in vitro and in vivo the antiparasitic effect of propolis containing BPI from the Southern Region of Costa Rica in the search for novel molecules that could be used as a potential treatment for chronic experimental trypanosomiasis. We hypothesize, that propolis is a better source for a wide range of concentrated BPIs than the original botanical source. For this study, 20 samples of propolis from the southern region of Costa Rica were taken from 10 randomly selected apiaries. The samples will be purified using medium pressure chromatographic techniques (MPLC) and the chemical composition will be determined by HPTLC (high-performance thin layer chromatography). At the in vitro level, we will work with the 3T3 cell line to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the compounds. The cytotoxicity and selectivity will be tested in the T. cruzi clone Dm28c. We also propose to validate the safety and efficacy of the selected compounds in vivo in C57B6/J mice.
Stingless bees (Scaptotrigona pectoralis) learn foreign trail pheromones and use them to find food
(Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica, 2010-11-04) Aguilar, Ingrid; Jarau, Stefan; Ayasse, Manfred; Reichle, Christian
Foragers of several species of stingless bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae and Meliponini) deposit pheromone marks in the vegetation to guide nestmates to new food sources. These pheromones are produced in the labial glands and are nest and species specific. Thus, an important question is how recruited foragers recognize their nestmates pheromone in the field. We tested whether naı¨ve workers learn a specific trail pheromone composition while being recruited by nestmates inside the hive in the species Scaptotrigona pectoralis. We installed artificial scent trails branching off from trails deposited by recruiting foragersand registered whether newly recruited bees follow these trails. The artificial trails were baited with trail pheromones of workers collected from foreign S. pectoralis colonies. When the same foreign trail pheromone was presented inside the experimental hives while recruitment took place a significant higher number of bees followed the artificial trails than in experiments without intranidal presentation. Our results demonstrate that recruits of S. pectoralis can learn the composition of specific trail pheromone bouquets inside the nest and subsequently follow this pheromone in the field. We, therefore, suggest that trail pheromone recognition in S. pectoralis is based on a flexible learning process rather than being a genetically fixed behaviour.
Varroa in Panama: detection, spread and prospects
(Asociación de Investigación Apícola, 2015-04-01) Calderón Fallas, Rafael; Ortíz, Alberto; Aparisio, Bolívar; Ruíz, María Teresa
On July 6, 2000, the ectoparasitic mite Varroa jacobsoni was detected for the first time in Panama. Samples of sealed brood and adult bees, as well as varroa traps taken in the provinces of Chiriqui, Veragua, Cocle, Herrera and Colon, confirmed the presence of the mite throughout the country. The National Association of Beekeepers of Panama and the Ministry of Agricultural Development are working together to effectively combat this mite.

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