Sistemas silvopastoriles y cambio climático: estimación y predicción de biomasa arbórea
Fecha
2019-03-01
Autores
Jiménez Ruíz, Edwin Rolando
Fonseca González, William
Pazmiño Pesantez, Leticia
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
En este trabajo se cuantificó la biomasa y el carbono almacenado en la cobertura vegetal de un sistema silvopastoril compuesto por pasto (Hyparrhenia rufa) y guasmo (Guazuma ulmifolia) establecido en forma natural en el cantón Balzar de la provincia del Guayas en Ecuador. A través del método destructivo y con un muestreo aleatorio por medio de parcelas anidadas, se evaluó la cantidad de biomasa arbórea y subterránea de árboles de diámetro promedio, la necromasa y la vegetación herbácea. Se desarrollaron modelos para estimar la biomasa del árbol completo y sus componentes (tronco, raíz, ramas y hojas) y el volumen. La biomasa arbórea es de 16.45 Mgha-1 (8.23 MgC ha-1) y el aporte de la vegetación herbácea y la necromasa de 1.4 y 1.9 Mg ha-1 (0.7 y 0.95 Mg C ha-1), respectivamente. Los modelos predicen la biomasa y el volumen en función del diámetro con errores de estimación o sesgos menores al 3% y mostraron ajustes (R2) mayores a 96%. Adicionalmente, se generó información sobre factores de expansión de biomasa.
In this work both the biomass and carbon present in a vegetative cover from a silvopastoral system were quantif ied. The system, composed of Hyparrhenia rufa and Guazuma ulmifolia, was established naturally in Balzar, Guayas province of Ecuador. By using a destructive method and a random sampling in nested plots both the arboreous and underground biomass of average-sized trees were measured as well as the necromass and herbaceous vegetation. Models weredeveloped in order to estimate the volume and the biomass of the whole tree and its components (trunk, roots, branches and leaves). The arboreous biomass was estimated in 1645 Mgha (823 MgCha), whereas the herbaceous vegetation and the necromass were 14 and 19 Mgha (07 and 095 MgCha), respectively. The models predict the biomass and the volume in dependence of the diameter with less than 3% of error and R2 values higher than 96%. In addition, information regarding factors that influence the expansion of biomass were generated.
In this work both the biomass and carbon present in a vegetative cover from a silvopastoral system were quantif ied. The system, composed of Hyparrhenia rufa and Guazuma ulmifolia, was established naturally in Balzar, Guayas province of Ecuador. By using a destructive method and a random sampling in nested plots both the arboreous and underground biomass of average-sized trees were measured as well as the necromass and herbaceous vegetation. Models weredeveloped in order to estimate the volume and the biomass of the whole tree and its components (trunk, roots, branches and leaves). The arboreous biomass was estimated in 1645 Mgha (823 MgCha), whereas the herbaceous vegetation and the necromass were 14 and 19 Mgha (07 and 095 MgCha), respectively. The models predict the biomass and the volume in dependence of the diameter with less than 3% of error and R2 values higher than 96%. In addition, information regarding factors that influence the expansion of biomass were generated.
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Palabras clave
BIOMASA, CARBONO, ALOMETRIA, CARBON, ALLOMETRY, GUAZUMA ULMIFOLIA, BIOMASS