Determinación de la actividad antibacterial de la esponja Marina Ircinia Campana recolectada en Punta Uva Limón contra Staphylococcusaureus
Fecha
2012
Autores
Rojas Brenes, Rafael
Borbón Alpízar, Henry
Bagnarello Madrigal, Vanessa
Víquez Portuguez, Rigoberto
Soto-Fallas, Roy
Vega Guzman, Ilena
Herrera Núñez, Jacqueline
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Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica)
Resumen
Las esponjas son organismos multicelulares sim-ples, habitan en ambientes marinos desde los mares polares, hasta las aguas tropicales, donde son más abundantes. Están expuestas a grandes poblaciones de microorganismos, razón que explica el complejo mecanismo de defensa morfológica y celular utilizado por estos organismos para combatir los patógenos. El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar la actividad antibacteriana de la esponja marina Ircinia campanaque habita en el sur de la costa caribeña de Costa rica contra la bacteria Gram positiva Sthapylococcus aureus. Los ejemplares de la especie Ircinia campana fueron recolectados en Punta Uva, en la provincia de Limón durante el mes de julio del 2007. La obtención del componente activo se realizó a través de una extracción con acetona para obtener el extracto crudo; posteriormente, se realizaron separaciones cromatográficas de dicho extracto utilizando fracciones 1:4 hexano:acetato de etilo. Se analizó la actividad antibacterial de las diferentes fracciones incluyendo el extracto crudo. Los resultados obtenidos muestran una zona de inhibición de 14.60 ±0.25 mm del extracto crudo y de 18.70 ±0.25mm para la fracción más activa separada por cromatografía de columna. El metabolito responsable de la actividad antibacterial de la especie analiza-da se logró aislar por Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Resolución (HPLC), además se realizó una caracterización preliminar de su estructura molecularmediante espectroscopia ultravioleta (UV) e infrarroja(IR).
The sponges are simple multicellularorganisms; they inhabit in marine environments from the polar seas to the tropical waterswhere they are more abundant. These species are exposed to large populations of microbes, reason that explains their complex morphological and cellular defense mechanism, which are used by these organisms to fight against pathogens. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the marine sponge Ircinia campana, whichinhabits in the south of the Caribbean coast of Costa rica against Sthapylococcus aureus grampositive bacteria. Sampleswere collected in Punta Uva in Limónduring July of 2007. The active compounds were obtainedby extraction with acetone (crude extract); and subsequently, chromatographic extracts were obtained using fractions 1:4 hexane: ethyl acetate. The antibacterial activities of the different fractions, including the crude extract were tested.Our results suggest a zone of inhibition of 14.60 ±0.25 mm for the crude extract and18.70 ±0.25mm for the most active fraction separated by chromatography. The metabolite responsible for the antibacterial activity was isolated by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)and preliminarily characterized through ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy.
The sponges are simple multicellularorganisms; they inhabit in marine environments from the polar seas to the tropical waterswhere they are more abundant. These species are exposed to large populations of microbes, reason that explains their complex morphological and cellular defense mechanism, which are used by these organisms to fight against pathogens. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the marine sponge Ircinia campana, whichinhabits in the south of the Caribbean coast of Costa rica against Sthapylococcus aureus grampositive bacteria. Sampleswere collected in Punta Uva in Limónduring July of 2007. The active compounds were obtainedby extraction with acetone (crude extract); and subsequently, chromatographic extracts were obtained using fractions 1:4 hexane: ethyl acetate. The antibacterial activities of the different fractions, including the crude extract were tested.Our results suggest a zone of inhibition of 14.60 ±0.25 mm for the crude extract and18.70 ±0.25mm for the most active fraction separated by chromatography. The metabolite responsible for the antibacterial activity was isolated by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)and preliminarily characterized through ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy.
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ACTIVIDAD ANTIBIÓTICA, ESPONJA, ACTIVIDAD BIOLÓGICA, EXTRACTOS BIOACTIVOS, ANTIBIOTIC ACTIVITY, SPONGE, BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY, BIOACTIVE EXTRACTS