Membranas de colágeno y quitosano de fuentes alternativas: evaluación para su uso potencial en ingeniería de tejidos
Archivos
Fecha
2015
Autores
Castro Piedra, Silvia Elena
Calvo-Castro, Laura A.
Alvarenga-Venutolo, Silvana
Centeno-Cerdas, Carolina
Ramos Madrigal, Maikol
Jose-Roberto, Vega-Baudrit
Zamora-Mora, Vanessa
Rojas-Chaves, Miguel
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ISSN de la revista
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Editor
Tecnológico de Costa Rica
Resumen
Los polímeros naturales, como el colágeno y el quitosano, presentan características físicas,
químicas y biológicas que los hacen buenos candidatos para usarlos como soportes
análogos de matriz extracelular, con potenciales aplicaciones en la ingeniería de tejidos.
En el presente trabajo se evaluaron membranas biopoliméricas de colágeno y quitosano de
material considerado tradicionalmente de desecho en la industria pesquera, para el cultivo
de fibroblastos dérmicos. Se emplearon matrices de 100% colágeno, 100% quitosano y
colágeno:quitosano en proporciones 8:2, 2:8, 6:4 y 4:6, obtenidos a partir fuentes alternativas
(cáscara de camarón y piel de tilapia). El principal reto para el empleo de estos materiales en
aplicaciones biomédicas es su esterilización, para lo cual se evaluaron diferentes métodos,
incluyendo tratamientos químicos (etanol, antibióticos y acetona) y físicos (rayos X, radiación
UVC). El único procedimiento que permitió la desinfección efectiva sin comprometer la
integridad de los biomateriales fue la incubación con antibióticos y antimicóticos durante 48
horas. Además, se confirmó la adhesión y proliferación celular sobre las membranas. Estos
resultados demostraron el potencial biomédico de estos materiales.
Natural polymers such as collagen and chitosan possess physical, chemical and biological characteristics that make them good candidates as extracellular matrix scaffolds with potential applications in Tissue Engineering. In the present work, collagen and chitosan biopolymer membranes made from waste material, were evaluated for dermal fibroblasts cell culture. Several membrane compositions were analyzed, including 100% collagen, 100% chitosan, 8:2, 2:8, 6:4, 4:6 collagen-chitosan, obtained from alternative sources (shrimp shells and fish scales). Given that sterilization is one of the main challenges for using materials and devices in biomedicine, we evaluated different methods to achieve this, including chemical (ethanol, antibiotics and acetone) and physical (X-rays, UVC irradiation) treatments. Antibiotic and antifungal immersion for 48 hours was the only procedure that allowed complete sterilization without compromising the integrity of the membranes. Also, we were able to confirm cellular adhesion and proliferation on the membranes. These results demonstrate the potential of these materials to be used as scaffolds in Tissue Engineering applications.
Natural polymers such as collagen and chitosan possess physical, chemical and biological characteristics that make them good candidates as extracellular matrix scaffolds with potential applications in Tissue Engineering. In the present work, collagen and chitosan biopolymer membranes made from waste material, were evaluated for dermal fibroblasts cell culture. Several membrane compositions were analyzed, including 100% collagen, 100% chitosan, 8:2, 2:8, 6:4, 4:6 collagen-chitosan, obtained from alternative sources (shrimp shells and fish scales). Given that sterilization is one of the main challenges for using materials and devices in biomedicine, we evaluated different methods to achieve this, including chemical (ethanol, antibiotics and acetone) and physical (X-rays, UVC irradiation) treatments. Antibiotic and antifungal immersion for 48 hours was the only procedure that allowed complete sterilization without compromising the integrity of the membranes. Also, we were able to confirm cellular adhesion and proliferation on the membranes. These results demonstrate the potential of these materials to be used as scaffolds in Tissue Engineering applications.
Descripción
Palabras clave
BIOPOLÍMEROS, UV, RAYOS X, BIOPOLYMERS, X-RAYS, COLÁGENO, QUITOSANO, INGENIERÍA, TEJIDOS, QUITOSAN, COLLAGEN