Optimización del proceso de enraizamiento y aclimatización de vitroplantas de Swietenia macrophylla King (Orden: Meliacea)
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Fecha
2009-03-28
Autores
Bernal Azofeifa, José
Rojas Vargas, Alejandra
Hine, Ana
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Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
Swietenia macrophylla es una especie de importancia económica en América Latina debido a la calidad de su madera, por lo cual las poblaciones se han disminuido en términos de cantidad
y calidad genética. Por lo anterior, la técnica de cultivo de tejidos se utilizó para optimizar el proceso de enraizamiento y aclimatización de vitroplantas, empleando diferentes reguladores de crecimiento y
medios de cultivo. El mayor porcentaje de enraizamiento (53,33%) se obtuvo en un medio de cultivo MS (1962) complementado con 5,7μM de AIA, seguido de un 26,67% cultivado en un
MS ½ (1962) complementado con 2,5 μM
de AIB y 0,25 μM de ANA. En la etapa de aclimatización, el mejor resultado de sobrevivencia (70%) se obtuvo con el sustrato biodegradable Jiffys
Swietenia macrophylla (Mahogany) is a tree species of economic importance in Latin America due to the quality of its wood, thus the populations had been reduced in terms of its genetic quantity and quality. Therefore, the technique of tissue culture was used to optimize the process of rooting and acclimatization of vitroplants, using different growth regulators and culture mediums. The highest rooting percentage (53.33%) was achieved with 5.7μM AIA in an MS (1962) culture medium, followed by 26.67% in an MS ½ (1962), complemented with 2.5 μM AIB and 0.25 μM ANA. In the acclimatization stage the best result (70%) of plants survival was achieved with the biodegradable substrate Jiffys
Swietenia macrophylla (Mahogany) is a tree species of economic importance in Latin America due to the quality of its wood, thus the populations had been reduced in terms of its genetic quantity and quality. Therefore, the technique of tissue culture was used to optimize the process of rooting and acclimatization of vitroplants, using different growth regulators and culture mediums. The highest rooting percentage (53.33%) was achieved with 5.7μM AIA in an MS (1962) culture medium, followed by 26.67% in an MS ½ (1962), complemented with 2.5 μM AIB and 0.25 μM ANA. In the acclimatization stage the best result (70%) of plants survival was achieved with the biodegradable substrate Jiffys
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Palabras clave
ACLIMATIZACIÓN, ACCLIMATIZATION, AIA, IAA, AIB, IBA, ANA, NAA, ENRAIZAMIENTO, ROOTING, SWIETENIA MACROPHYLLA KING