Optimización del método de valoración de terrenos adquiridos mediante donación y expropiación dentro del Parque Nacional Volcán Tenorio del Área de Conservación Arenal Tempisque, a través del desarrollo de una herramienta en el software de código libre Quantum GIS que incorpore los aspectos ambientales
Fecha
2024-08
Autores
Elizondo Rojas, María Paula
Vivas Sequeira, Seidy Pamela
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica)
Resumen
Resumen. El Sistema Nacional de Áreas de Conservación (SINAC) es una dependencia del Ministerio de Ambiente y Energía (MINAE) y su objetivo principal consiste administrar de forma óptima e integra la vida silvestre en Costa Rica, las instituciones asociadas, los bienes destinados a la conservación de la biodiversidad, así como enfocarse en la preservación y protección de los recursos naturales, ecosistemas, flora y fauna, promoviendo el desarrollo sostenible del país. Dentro de la estructura organizacional del SINAC se encuentra el Departamento de Información y Regularización del Territorio (IRT), el cual posee entre sus funciones la responsabilidad de dirigir el proceso de regularización de terrenos que conforman el Patrimonio Natural del Estado, por lo que debe encargarse de realizar los avalúos de las propiedades que se encuentran próximas a ser adquiridas mediante donación y expropiación, sin embargo, este no cuenta con una herramienta que permita realizar las valoraciones de forma óptima, automática y que considere dentro de este proceso la asignación de un monto económico a las características, bienes y servicios ambientales que poseen dichos terrenos. Ante este panorama, mediante el presente Trabajo Final de Graduación (TFG) se desarrolló una herramienta de valoración que incorpora las fórmulas del método de valoración del Órgano de Normalización Técnica del Ministerio de Hacienda (ONT) y la metodología de tasación ambiental denominada Índice de Valor Ecológico, lo cual se llevó a cabo mediante un Sistema de Información Geográfica (SIG) en el programa Quantum GIS, al elaborar un código de programación en lenguaje Python y una base de datos (BD) PostgreSQL con ayuda del programa PgAdmin 4. Asimismo, se elaboró un segundo código de programación que permitió llevar a cabo la elaboración de forma automática de un informe pericial con los resultados del avalúo calculado. Gracias a los productos obtenidos de las herramientas desarrolladas, la BD y el SIG se logró cumplir con los objetivos propuestos en este TFG.
Abstract. The National System of Conservation Areas (SINAC) is an agency of the Ministry of Environment and Energy (MINAE) and its main objective is to optimally and comprehensively manage wildlife in Costa Rica, associated institutions, assets dedicated to biodiversity conservation, as well as focusing on the preservation and protection of natural resources, ecosystems, flora, and fauna, promoting the sustainable development of the country. Within the organizational structure of SINAC is the Department of Information and Land Regularization (IRT), which is responsible for overseeing the process of regularizing land that forms part of the State's Natural Heritage. It is therefore responsible for appraising properties that are about to be acquired through donation and expropriation. However, it does not have a tool that allows it to carry out valuations in an optimal, automatic manner that takes into account the assignment of an economic value to the characteristics, goods, and environmental services that these lands possess. Given this situation, this Final Graduation Project (TFG) developed an assessment tool that incorporates the formulas of the assessment method of the Technical Standardization Body of the Ministry of Finance (ONT) and the environmental assessment methodology known as the Ecological Value Index. This was carried out using a Geographic Information System (GIS) in the Quantum GIS program, by developing a programming code in Python language and a PostgreSQL database (DB) with the help of the PgAdmin 4 program. A second programming code was also developed, which enabled the automatic generation of an expert report with the results of the calculated appraisal. Thanks to the products obtained from the tools developed, the database, and the GIS, the objectives proposed in this final degree project were achieved.
Abstract. The National System of Conservation Areas (SINAC) is an agency of the Ministry of Environment and Energy (MINAE) and its main objective is to optimally and comprehensively manage wildlife in Costa Rica, associated institutions, assets dedicated to biodiversity conservation, as well as focusing on the preservation and protection of natural resources, ecosystems, flora, and fauna, promoting the sustainable development of the country. Within the organizational structure of SINAC is the Department of Information and Land Regularization (IRT), which is responsible for overseeing the process of regularizing land that forms part of the State's Natural Heritage. It is therefore responsible for appraising properties that are about to be acquired through donation and expropriation. However, it does not have a tool that allows it to carry out valuations in an optimal, automatic manner that takes into account the assignment of an economic value to the characteristics, goods, and environmental services that these lands possess. Given this situation, this Final Graduation Project (TFG) developed an assessment tool that incorporates the formulas of the assessment method of the Technical Standardization Body of the Ministry of Finance (ONT) and the environmental assessment methodology known as the Ecological Value Index. This was carried out using a Geographic Information System (GIS) in the Quantum GIS program, by developing a programming code in Python language and a PostgreSQL database (DB) with the help of the PgAdmin 4 program. A second programming code was also developed, which enabled the automatic generation of an expert report with the results of the calculated appraisal. Thanks to the products obtained from the tools developed, the database, and the GIS, the objectives proposed in this final degree project were achieved.
Descripción
Elizondo Rojas, M. P., y Vivas Sequeira, S. P. (2024). Optimización del método de valoración de terrenos adquiridos mediante donación y expropiación dentro del Parque Nacional Volcán Tenorio del Área de Conservación Arenal Tempisque, a través del desarrollo de una herramienta en el software de código libre Quantum GIS que incorpore los aspectos ambientales. [Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Nacional].
Palabras clave
CONSERVACION DE LA VIDA SILVESTRE, BIODIVERSIDAD, DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE, WILDLIFE CONSERVATION, BIODIVERSITY, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
