Como combatir una crisis de salud y el tsunami del cambio climático: lecciones de Suecia y Costa Rica
Fecha
2020-08
Autores
Castro Salazar, René
Garro Molina, Francisco
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Editor
Centro Internacional de Política Económica para el Desarrollo Sostenible
Resumen
Este artículo resulta de un análisis comparativo entre las políticas públicas suecas y costarricenses para hacer frente a los choques globales, a saber, el COVID-19 y el cambio climático. Busca discutir las respuestas políticas de ambos países a las crisis climáticas y sanitarias. El documento se divide en dos secciones, que revisan los datos de los documentos de planificación nacional, tales como planes de descarbonización y de energía, repositorios nacionales e informes de la CMNUCC. La primera parte aborda las respuestas de políticas suecas y costarricenses a COVID-19, mostrando proyecciones desarrolladas por los autores utilizando el Modelo de Gompertz con datos reales disponibles a partir del 4 de mayo de 2020. La segunda parte se centra en el cambio climático y discute los modelos y escenarios climáticos del Panel Intergubernamental sobre Cambio Climático.. El documento concluye que, a pesar de las similitudes entre los objetivos ambientales a largo plazo y agendas políticas en derechos humanos y foros ambientales de Suecia y Costa Rica, sus respuestas políticas al COVID-19 diferían drásticamente y tuvieron resultados diferentes. Por lo tanto, la conclusión destaca las diferencias entre los dos shocks globales (cambio climático y COVID-19) que podrían haber llevado a estos enfoques diferentes.
Palabras clave: choques globales, cambio climático, COVID-19, políticas públicas
This article results from a comparative analysis between Swedish and Costa Rican policy strategies to cope with global shocks, namely climate change, and COVID-19. It seeks to discuss both countries’ policy responses to the climate and sanitary crises. The paper is thus divided into two sections; the first part addresses Swedish and Costa Rican policy responses to COVID-19, showcasing projections developed by the authors using the Gompertz Model with real data available since May 4 2020. The second part focuses on climate change and discusses the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s climate models and scenarios, also review data from national planning documents, such as decarbonization and energy plans, national repositories, and UNFCCC reports. The paper concludes that despite the similarities between Swedish and Costa Rican long-term environmental goals and political agendas in human rights and environmental fora (including climate change), their policy responses to COVID-19 differed drastically, and resulted in different outcomes. Moreover, it highlights differences between the two global shocks (climate change and COVID-19) that might have led to these different approaches.
This article results from a comparative analysis between Swedish and Costa Rican policy strategies to cope with global shocks, namely climate change, and COVID-19. It seeks to discuss both countries’ policy responses to the climate and sanitary crises. The paper is thus divided into two sections; the first part addresses Swedish and Costa Rican policy responses to COVID-19, showcasing projections developed by the authors using the Gompertz Model with real data available since May 4 2020. The second part focuses on climate change and discusses the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s climate models and scenarios, also review data from national planning documents, such as decarbonization and energy plans, national repositories, and UNFCCC reports. The paper concludes that despite the similarities between Swedish and Costa Rican long-term environmental goals and political agendas in human rights and environmental fora (including climate change), their policy responses to COVID-19 differed drastically, and resulted in different outcomes. Moreover, it highlights differences between the two global shocks (climate change and COVID-19) that might have led to these different approaches.
Descripción
Palabras clave
CAMBIO CLIMÁTICO, COVID-19, COSTA RICA, SUECIA, POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS, CLIMATE CHANGE, PUBLIC POLICIES