Ecología urbana de abejas y educación ambiental : un estudio de caso en Escazú, Costa Rica
Archivos
Fecha
2019
Autores
Acuña Cordero, Mariana
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
Las abejas nativas poseen una gran importancia ecosistémica, debido a los servicios de polinización que permiten la perpetuidad de los bosques y cultivos. Además, mediante la apicultura y meliponicultura, favorecen la economía local y regional tanto en zonas rurales como urbanas. Asimismo, forman parte del imaginario cultural de diversas sociedades alrededor del mundo. Sin embargo, con el continuo aumento en el cambio del uso del suelo, y la fragmentación de la tierra, las abejas son uno de los grupos que más sufre por pérdida de hábitat en zonas urbanas. Para asegurar el futuro de las abejas y en general de las redes de interconectividad en las que participan, se deben tomar medidas integrales para su conservación. El objetivo de esta investigación fue estudiar y divulgar la diversidad de abejas y plantas melíferas presentes en Escazú, San José, Costa Rica. Esto mediante la elaboración de una base de datos de las especies de abejas nativas y plantas melíferas presentes en Escazú. En conjunto con el diseño y aplicación de una estrategia de educación ambiental en escuelas y asociaciones ambientales. En total se registraron 61 especies de abejas nativas y 112 especies de plantas que ofrecen recursos a estas abejas, en la ciudad de Escazú. A partir de la interpretación de esta información ecológica, se desarrollaron y facilitaron con éxito 11 sesiones, utilizando dos tipos de talleres: Taller para niños “Las Aventuras de la abeja mariola en la ciudad” y taller para adultos “Comunidad Abeja”. Los resultados del presente trabajo son un primer acercamiento a la biodiversidad de abejas nativas y plantas en Escazú, y de las interacciones que se dan a cabo entre ellas. Asimismo, a partir de la respuesta recibida se refleja la oportunidad para darle continuidad a la implementación de programas de educación ambiental con enfoque abeja, que integren ecología de abejas nativas y plantas, función e importancia ecosistémica e impacto económico y social en las comunidades urbanas.
Native bees have a great ecosystem importance, due to the pollination services that allow the perpetuity of forests and crops. In addition, through beekeeping and meliponiculture, they favor the local and regional economy in both rural and urban areas. Likewise, they are part of the cultural imaginary of various societies around the world. However, with the continuous increase in land use change, and land fragmentation, bees are one of the groups that suffers the most from habitat loss in urban areas. To ensure the future of bees and in general of the interconnectivity networks in which they participate, comprehensive measures must be taken for their conservation. The objective of this research was to study and disseminate the diversity of bees and honey plants present in Escazú, San José, Costa Rica. This through the elaboration of a database of native bee species and honey plants present in Escazú. In conjunction with the design and application of an environmental education strategy in schools and environmental associations. In total, 61 species of native bees and 112 species of plants that offer resources to these bees were registered in the city of Escazú. Based on the interpretation of this ecological information, 11 sessions were successfully developed and facilitated, using two types of workshops: Workshop for children “The Adventures of the mariola bee in the city” and workshop for adults “Community Bee”. The results of this work are a first approach to the biodiversity of native bees and plants in Escazú, and the interactions that take place between them. Likewise, the response received reflects the opportunity to give continuity to the implementation of environmental education programs with a bee approach, which integrate the ecology of native bees and plants, ecosystem function and importance, and economic and social impact on urban communities.
Native bees have a great ecosystem importance, due to the pollination services that allow the perpetuity of forests and crops. In addition, through beekeeping and meliponiculture, they favor the local and regional economy in both rural and urban areas. Likewise, they are part of the cultural imaginary of various societies around the world. However, with the continuous increase in land use change, and land fragmentation, bees are one of the groups that suffers the most from habitat loss in urban areas. To ensure the future of bees and in general of the interconnectivity networks in which they participate, comprehensive measures must be taken for their conservation. The objective of this research was to study and disseminate the diversity of bees and honey plants present in Escazú, San José, Costa Rica. This through the elaboration of a database of native bee species and honey plants present in Escazú. In conjunction with the design and application of an environmental education strategy in schools and environmental associations. In total, 61 species of native bees and 112 species of plants that offer resources to these bees were registered in the city of Escazú. Based on the interpretation of this ecological information, 11 sessions were successfully developed and facilitated, using two types of workshops: Workshop for children “The Adventures of the mariola bee in the city” and workshop for adults “Community Bee”. The results of this work are a first approach to the biodiversity of native bees and plants in Escazú, and the interactions that take place between them. Likewise, the response received reflects the opportunity to give continuity to the implementation of environmental education programs with a bee approach, which integrate the ecology of native bees and plants, ecosystem function and importance, and economic and social impact on urban communities.
Descripción
Trabajo presentado para optar por el grado de Máster en Apicultura Tropical.
Palabras clave
EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL, APICULTURA, PROTECCIÓN AMBIENTAL, ABEJAS, ECOLOGÍA URBANA, ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION, BEEKEEPING, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, BEES, URBAN ECOLOGY