Salud Sexual Responsable: una estrategia para la toma de decisiones en la población estudiantil de la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica
Fecha
2018
Autores
Salazar Baltodano, Norma Lea
Camacho Hernández, Juan Miguel
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Editor
56° Congreso Internacional de Americanistas, Salamanca, España.
Resumen
Tradicionalmente los médicos hemos abordado la educación sexual desde un enfoque de riesgos, es decir atacar los factores que aumentan la probabilidad de consecuencias adversas para la salud, como embarazos en adolescentes y jóvenes, enfermedades de transmisión sexual, etc. Sin embargo se sabe que un abordaje enfocado en los factores protectores de la salud es mucho más beneficioso, o sea empoderar a las personas a que tomen control de su propio estado de salud; eso es lo que la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) llama promoción de la salud.
Bajo la premisa de promoción de la salud, el siguiente trabajo expone una estrategia de educación a la población estudiantil de la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica, basada en el conocimiento de los cambios físicos, psicológicos y sociales de los adolescentes y jóvenes, pero también toma en cuenta la visión más positiva de los mismos como personas responsables y valiosas.
La estrategia de educación para la toma de decisiones, adopta como referencia el modelo biográfico profesional de la sexualidad, en donde aparte de enseñar a evaluar riesgos, se les estimulan habilidades para la vida y se les anima a tomar decisiones de forma responsable, con el fin de mantener la ilusión de esta etapa y el derecho a reconocer y disfrutar de una sexualidad placentera, segura y sin discriminación; asegurándoles además la prestación de servicios de salud sexual y reproductiva interdisciplinarios.
Traditionally, physicians have approached sex education from a risk-based approach, i.e. attacking the factors that increase the probability of adverse health consequences, such as adolescent and teenage pregnancies, sexually transmitted diseases, etc. However, it is known that an approach focused on protective health factors is much more beneficial, that is, empowering people to take control of their own health status; this is what the World Health Organization (WHO) calls health promotion. Under the premise of health promotion, the following paper presents a strategy for educating the student population of the National University of Costa Rica, based on the knowledge of the physical, psychological and social changes of adolescents and young people, but also takes into account the more positive view of them as responsible and valuable persons. The decision-making education strategy adopts the professional biographical model of sexuality as a reference, where apart from teaching them to evaluate risks, life skills are stimulated and they are encouraged to make responsible decisions, in order to maintain the illusion of this stage and the right to recognize and enjoy a pleasurable, safe and non-discriminatory sexuality; also assuring them the provision of interdisciplinary sexual and reproductive health services.
Traditionally, physicians have approached sex education from a risk-based approach, i.e. attacking the factors that increase the probability of adverse health consequences, such as adolescent and teenage pregnancies, sexually transmitted diseases, etc. However, it is known that an approach focused on protective health factors is much more beneficial, that is, empowering people to take control of their own health status; this is what the World Health Organization (WHO) calls health promotion. Under the premise of health promotion, the following paper presents a strategy for educating the student population of the National University of Costa Rica, based on the knowledge of the physical, psychological and social changes of adolescents and young people, but also takes into account the more positive view of them as responsible and valuable persons. The decision-making education strategy adopts the professional biographical model of sexuality as a reference, where apart from teaching them to evaluate risks, life skills are stimulated and they are encouraged to make responsible decisions, in order to maintain the illusion of this stage and the right to recognize and enjoy a pleasurable, safe and non-discriminatory sexuality; also assuring them the provision of interdisciplinary sexual and reproductive health services.
Descripción
Palabras clave
EDUCACIÓN SEXUAL, SALUD REPRODUCTIVA, PREVENCIÓN DE ENFERMEDADES, ADULTOS, SEXUAL EDUCATION, REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH, DISEASE PREVENTION, ADULTS