Utilización de las Fibras del Rastrojo de Piña (Ananas Comusus, Variedad Champaka) como Material de Refuerzo en Resinas de Poliéster
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Fecha
2005
Autores
Quesada-Solís, Karol
Alvarado-Aguilar, Patricia
Sibaja-Ballestero, Rosario
Jose-Roberto, Vega-Baudrit
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Universidad del País Vasco (España)
Resumen
En los últimos años, ha surgido un particular interés por el desarrollo de materiales compuestos reforzados con fibras naturales, como consecuencia de las ventajas técnicas, económicas y ambientales que presentan. En este estudio se evaluó el grado de reforzamiento de las fibras de rastrojo de piña sin tratamiento, en una matriz de resina poliéster no saturado de uso comercial. Se prepararon materiales compuestos con fibra de distinta longitud, y con diferente porcentaje de la misma. Se evaluaron sus propiedades a través de la densidad, resistencia a la ruptura por tensión, flexión y energía de impacto. De estas propiedades se observó una mejora en la resistencia a la ruptura por tensión, con valores cercanos a los 20 MPa. El análisis de la interfase entre la fibra y la matriz por microscopía electrónica de barrido (SEM) reveló que no existe una buena adhesión entre la fibra y la matriz. Sin embargo, se encontró que esta adhesión puede ser incrementada por el aumento en la presión de moldeo durante la preparación del material, según lo mostrado las fotografías de la superficie de fractura de estos materiales compuestos.
In recent years, there has been a particular interest in the development of materials composites reinforced with natural fibers, as a consequence of the technical advantages, economic and environmental that they present. In this study the degree of reinforcement was evaluated of untreated pineapple stubble fibers, in an unsaturated polyester resin matrix for commercial use. Composite materials were prepared with fibers of different lengths, and with different percentage of it. Its properties were evaluated through density, resistance to rupture due to tension, bending and impact energy. Of these properties, an improvement was observed in the tensile rupture resistance, with values close to 20 MPa. The analysis of the interface between the fiber and the matrix by electron microscopy of scanning (SEM) revealed that there is not good adhesion between the fiber and the matrix. Without However, it was found that this adhesion can be increased by increasing pressure molding during the preparation of the material, as shown in the photographs of the fracture surface of these composite materials.
In recent years, there has been a particular interest in the development of materials composites reinforced with natural fibers, as a consequence of the technical advantages, economic and environmental that they present. In this study the degree of reinforcement was evaluated of untreated pineapple stubble fibers, in an unsaturated polyester resin matrix for commercial use. Composite materials were prepared with fibers of different lengths, and with different percentage of it. Its properties were evaluated through density, resistance to rupture due to tension, bending and impact energy. Of these properties, an improvement was observed in the tensile rupture resistance, with values close to 20 MPa. The analysis of the interface between the fiber and the matrix by electron microscopy of scanning (SEM) revealed that there is not good adhesion between the fiber and the matrix. Without However, it was found that this adhesion can be increased by increasing pressure molding during the preparation of the material, as shown in the photographs of the fracture surface of these composite materials.
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Palabras clave
MATERIALES COMPUESTOS, RASTROJO DE PIÑA, MICROSCOPÍA ELECTRÓNICA DE BARRIDO (SEM), FIBRA, MATRIZ, MÓDULO DE YOUNG, COMPOSITE MATERIALS, PINEAPPLE STUBBER, SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY (SEM), FIBER, MATRIX, YOUNG'S MODULE