Development of biotechnological tools for the in vitro propagation of elite trees for the Basque Country forest
Fecha
2023
Autores
Rojas Vargas, Alejandra
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Editor
Universidad del País Vasco
Resumen
La hipótesis general de este trabajo es que la modificación del entorno físico-químico en el proceso de micropropagación puede influir en la eficiencia de regeneración de plantas élite de especies forestales como C. japonica, P. ponderosa y S. sempervirens para ser consideradas como alternativa a P. radiata en el País Vasco. La segunda hipótesis a ser corroborada es que los árboles adultos de P. radiata con aparente tolerancia a la enfermedad de las bandas pueden usarse como fuente de material para la propagación in vitro. Se analizar la influencia de las fechas de recolección y diferentes concentraciones de BA en la fase de inducción de brotes, así como el efecto de diferentes tipos de luz sobre el éxito de la inducción de raíces. A su vez, se estudió el efecto de los factores físico-químicos antes mencionados sobre el contenido de aminoácidos y carbohidratos en los brotes desarrollados in vitro. Aunque se obtuvieron brotes revigorizados en ambas concentraciones de BA (22 o 44 µM), la BA a mayor concentración mostró los mejores resultados en términos de inducción y número de brotes por explanto cuando estos se recolectaron en la primera semana de febrero. Además, se encontraron diferencias significativas en el perfil de fructosa, glucosa y sacarosa y en el contenido de treonina y tirosina de los brotes desarrollados in vitro en las diferentes fases del proceso de enraizamiento. Se optimiza el método de micropropagación de C. japonica utilizando árboles adultos como fuente de material vegetal. En un primer experimento, se estudió el efecto de diferentes tipos de explantos iniciales y tres medios de cultivo basales en la inducción de brotes.
Analiza la influencia de diferentes tipos de explantos, medios de cultivo basales, citoquininas, auxinas y tratamientos de luz en el éxito de la propagación in vitro en P. ponderosa. En este sentido, los embriones cigóticos completos y cultivados en 44 µM BA mostraron los mejores resultados en términos de supervivencia de los explantos. La investigación ha demostrado que el cultivo de in vitro puede ser utilizado como un método alternativo de propagación de individuos élites de C. japonica, P. ponderosa, P. radiata and S. sempervirens y se ha evidenciado que el éxito de la propagación in vitro en estas especies está influido por factores genéticos, fechas de recolección y condiciones físico-químicas del ambiente de cultivo.
The general hypothesis of this work is that the modification of the physical-chemical environment in the micropropagation process can influence the regeneration efficiency of elite plants of forest species such as C. japonica, P. ponderosa and S. sempervirens to be considered as an alternative to P. radiata in the Basque Country. The second hypothesis to be corroborated is that adult P. radiata trees with apparent tolerance to banding disease can be used as a source of material for in vitro propagation. The influence of harvesting dates and different concentrations of BA on the shoot induction phase was analyzed, as well as the effect of different types of light on the success of root induction. At the same time, the effect of the aforementioned physicochemical factors on the amino acid and carbohydrate content of shoots developed in vitro was studied. Although reinvigorated shoots were obtained at both concentrations of BA (22 or 44 µM), the higher concentration of BA showed the best results in terms of induction and number of shoots per explant when these were collected in the first week of February. In addition, significant differences were found in the fructose, glucose and sucrose profile and in the threonine and tyrosine content of shoots developed in vitro at different stages of the rooting process. The method of micropropagation of C. japonica using adult trees as a source of plant material is optimized. In a first experiment, the effect of different types of initial explants and three basal culture media on shoot induction was studied. It analyzes the influence of different types of explants, basal culture media, cytokinins, auxins and light treatments on the success of in vitro propagation in P. ponderosa. In this regard, whole zygotic embryos grown in 44 µM BA showed the best results in terms of explant survival. Research has shown that in vitro culture can be used as an alternative method of propagation of elite individuals of C. japonica, P. ponderosa, P. radiata and S. sempervirens and it has been evidenced that the success of in vitro propagation in these species is influenced by genetic factors, harvesting dates and physicochemical conditions of the culture environment.
The general hypothesis of this work is that the modification of the physical-chemical environment in the micropropagation process can influence the regeneration efficiency of elite plants of forest species such as C. japonica, P. ponderosa and S. sempervirens to be considered as an alternative to P. radiata in the Basque Country. The second hypothesis to be corroborated is that adult P. radiata trees with apparent tolerance to banding disease can be used as a source of material for in vitro propagation. The influence of harvesting dates and different concentrations of BA on the shoot induction phase was analyzed, as well as the effect of different types of light on the success of root induction. At the same time, the effect of the aforementioned physicochemical factors on the amino acid and carbohydrate content of shoots developed in vitro was studied. Although reinvigorated shoots were obtained at both concentrations of BA (22 or 44 µM), the higher concentration of BA showed the best results in terms of induction and number of shoots per explant when these were collected in the first week of February. In addition, significant differences were found in the fructose, glucose and sucrose profile and in the threonine and tyrosine content of shoots developed in vitro at different stages of the rooting process. The method of micropropagation of C. japonica using adult trees as a source of plant material is optimized. In a first experiment, the effect of different types of initial explants and three basal culture media on shoot induction was studied. It analyzes the influence of different types of explants, basal culture media, cytokinins, auxins and light treatments on the success of in vitro propagation in P. ponderosa. In this regard, whole zygotic embryos grown in 44 µM BA showed the best results in terms of explant survival. Research has shown that in vitro culture can be used as an alternative method of propagation of elite individuals of C. japonica, P. ponderosa, P. radiata and S. sempervirens and it has been evidenced that the success of in vitro propagation in these species is influenced by genetic factors, harvesting dates and physicochemical conditions of the culture environment.
Descripción
Financiado por el Departamento de Junta de Becas de la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica y por el proyectos: MINECO (AGL2016-76143-C4-3R), MICINN (PID2020-112627RB-C32), CYTED (P117RT0522), MULTIFOREVER project, under the umbrella of ERA-NET Cofund ForestValue by ANR (FR), FNR (DE), MINCyT (AR), MINECO-AEI (ES), MMM (FI), VINNOVA (SE). ForestValue has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement no. 773324 y al DECO (Basque government).
Palabras clave
MICROPROPAGACIÓN, MICROPROPAGATION, CULTIVO IN VITRO, IN VITRO CULTURE, PINUS RADIATA, BIOTECNOLOGÍA VEGETAL, PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY, PAÍS VASCO, PROPAGACIÓN VEGETATIVA, VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION, PINUS, CRYPTOMERIA JAPONICA, PINUS PONDEROSA, SEQUOIA SEMPERVIRENS