Evaluación de la capacidad antioxidante, actividad antimicrobiana y parámetros fisicoquímicos en mieles de Melipona costaricensis
Fecha
2019
Autores
Espinoza Toledo, Cristina
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
En el presente estudio se realizaron pruebas de actividad antioxidante, antimicrobiana y
parámetros fisicoquímicos en mieles de M. costaricensis, con el objetivo de
proporcionarles un valor agregado a este tipo de mieles poco estudiadas en Costa Rica. Se
colectaron 18 muestras de miel de dicha especie en cinco de las siete provincias del país.
Posterior a esto, se determinó la densidad y el contenido de agua para calcular la cantidad
de disolvente en la preparación de las soluciones de cada una de las mieles. Así mismo, se
realizó la prueba de acidez libre y contenido de prolina. Para evaluar la capacidad
antioxidante se utilizaron los ensayos de ORAC y TP y por medio del MIC (concentración
mínima inhibitoria) se determinó la actividad antimicrobiana. Una vez obtenido los
resultados de las pruebas anteriores, se procedió a realizar un análisis de componentes
principales (ACP) y una correlación de Pearson. El ACP explica el 63% del total de la
variabilidad de los datos obtenidos, teniendo mayor impacto los parámetros que se
encontraron en el componente 1 (densidad, contenido de agua y acidez), sin embargo,
prolina y MIC presentaron bajo peso en este mismo componente y los parámetros ORAC y
TP destacan fuertemente en el componente 2. Todas las muestras están distribuidas entre
sí, esto indica que los sitios de colecta no van a determinar el alto o bajo contenido de
antioxidantes y actividad antimicrobiana. Por otro lado, ORAC y TP tuvieron una estrecha
relación indicando que la capacidad antioxidante de estas mieles está dada por los
compuestos fenólicos. No obstante, es importante determinar que estas mieles no
tuvieron la capacidad de inhibir el crecimiento de P. aeruginosa, y sólo el 44% de estas
inhibieron a S. aureus. En la correlación de Pearson se determinó que densidad y
contenido de agua tienen una relación entre sí, lo que nos indica que para el análisis de
estas muestras es necesario medir estos parámetros. Con estos resultados es necesaria la
selección de las mieles para darles un valor agregado con fines alimenticios o cosméticos
ya que algunas presentaron buena actividad antioxidante.
In the present study, antioxidant, antimicrobial and antimicrobial activity tests were performed. physicochemical parameters in M. costaricensis honeys, with the aim of provide added value to this type of honeys little studied in Costa Rica. I know collected 18 samples of honey of this species in five of the seven provinces of the country. After this, the density and water content were determined to calculate the amount of solvent in the preparation of the solutions of each of the honeys. Likewise, performed the test for free acidity and proline content. To assess capacity antioxidant, ORAC and TP tests were used and by MIC (concentration minimum inhibitory) antimicrobial activity was determined. Once the results of the previous tests, a component analysis was carried out (ACP) and a Pearson correlation. The ACP accounts for 63% of the total variability of the data obtained, the parameters that are found in component 1 (density, water content and acidity), however, proline and MIC presented low weight in this same component and the ORAC and TP stand out strongly in component 2. All samples are distributed between yes, this indicates that the collection sites are not going to determine the high or low content of antioxidants and antimicrobial activity. On the other hand, ORAC and TP had a close relationship indicating that the antioxidant capacity of these honeys is given by the phenolic compounds. However, it is important to determine that these honeys are not had the ability to inhibit the growth of P. aeruginosa, and only 44% of these inhibited S. aureus. In Pearson's correlation it was determined that density and water content are related to each other, which indicates that for the analysis of these samples need to measure these parameters. With these results, the selection of honeys to give them added value for food or cosmetic purposes since some presented good antioxidant activity.
In the present study, antioxidant, antimicrobial and antimicrobial activity tests were performed. physicochemical parameters in M. costaricensis honeys, with the aim of provide added value to this type of honeys little studied in Costa Rica. I know collected 18 samples of honey of this species in five of the seven provinces of the country. After this, the density and water content were determined to calculate the amount of solvent in the preparation of the solutions of each of the honeys. Likewise, performed the test for free acidity and proline content. To assess capacity antioxidant, ORAC and TP tests were used and by MIC (concentration minimum inhibitory) antimicrobial activity was determined. Once the results of the previous tests, a component analysis was carried out (ACP) and a Pearson correlation. The ACP accounts for 63% of the total variability of the data obtained, the parameters that are found in component 1 (density, water content and acidity), however, proline and MIC presented low weight in this same component and the ORAC and TP stand out strongly in component 2. All samples are distributed between yes, this indicates that the collection sites are not going to determine the high or low content of antioxidants and antimicrobial activity. On the other hand, ORAC and TP had a close relationship indicating that the antioxidant capacity of these honeys is given by the phenolic compounds. However, it is important to determine that these honeys are not had the ability to inhibit the growth of P. aeruginosa, and only 44% of these inhibited S. aureus. In Pearson's correlation it was determined that density and water content are related to each other, which indicates that for the analysis of these samples need to measure these parameters. With these results, the selection of honeys to give them added value for food or cosmetic purposes since some presented good antioxidant activity.
Descripción
Trabajo presentado para optar al grado de Máster en Apicultura Tropical.
Palabras clave
MELIPONA, APICULTURA, ABEJAS SIN AGUIJÓN, MIEL DE ABEJA, ANTIOXIDANTES, BEEKEEPING, BEES WITHOUT STEM, HONEY BEE, ANTIOXIDANTS