Establecimiento in vitro de arándano (Vaccinium corymbosum L)
Fecha
2013-12-01
Autores
Hine, Ana
Abdelnour Esquivel, Ana
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Editor
Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica
Resumen
El arándano es un arbusto de la familia de las ericáceas, del género Vaccinium, al cual pertenecen varias especies, entre las que se reconoce V. corymbosum. Debido al alto valor medicinal y nutricional de sus frutos, estas plantas se consideran de gran interés económico y una alternativa de producción para agricultores de zonas altas. Para desarrollar la metodología de propagación masiva in vitro, se tomaron explantes provenientes de plantas adultas de arándano (variedad Avonblue) de la Estación Experimental Fraijanes de la Universidad de Costa Rica, en Alajuela. Para el establecimiento in vitro, las estacas fueron sometidas a cuatro distintas desinfecciones, de igual manera se evaluó y comparó el efecto sobre la brotación de yemas de las citocininas 2iP (N6 [2-isopentenil]adenina, isopenteniladenina), BAP (6-(benzilamino)-9-(2-tetrahidropiranil)-9H-purina, bencilaminopurina) y CPPU (N-(2-cloro-4-piridil)- N`-fenilurea, Forclorofenurón) en una concentración de 2,5 mg L-1. Se encontró que la utilización de brotes tiernos de las plantas maduras y la desinfección, que consistió de hipoclorito de sodio al 1,5% y 0,1% de Tween 20 por 40 minutos, permitió el mayor porcentaje de explantes asépticos y que la adición de CPPU indujo el mayor número de brotes a partir del explante inicial, sin embargo, el 2ip promovió la mayor longitud de los brotes.
Blueberry is a shrub of the Ericaceae family, that belongs to the genus Vaccinium, which comprises several species, among them V. corymbosum. Due to the high medicinal and nutritional value of the fruit, these plants are considered of great economic value and a production alternative for upland farmers. In order to establish this species in vitro, explants were taken from adult plants (variety Avonblue) from Fraijanes Experimental Station of the University of Costa Rica, Alajuela. For in vitro establishement, cuttings were subjected to four different disinfection procedures, likewise evaluated and compared, the effect on budding of various cytokinins as 2iP (N6 [2-isopentenyl] adenine, isopentenyladenine), BAP (6 - (benzylamino) -9- (2-tetrahydropyranyl) -9H-purine, benzylaminopurine) and CPPU (N-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N ‘-phenylurea, Forclorofenuron) at a concentration of 2.5 mg L-1. It was found that the use of young cuttings from mature plants allowed the highest percentage of aseptic explants when a disinfection solution was sodium hypochlorite at 1.5% and 0.1% Tween 20 for 40 minutes and the addition of CPPU induced highest number of shoots from initial explant, however, 2ip promoted the greatest length of shoot.
Blueberry is a shrub of the Ericaceae family, that belongs to the genus Vaccinium, which comprises several species, among them V. corymbosum. Due to the high medicinal and nutritional value of the fruit, these plants are considered of great economic value and a production alternative for upland farmers. In order to establish this species in vitro, explants were taken from adult plants (variety Avonblue) from Fraijanes Experimental Station of the University of Costa Rica, Alajuela. For in vitro establishement, cuttings were subjected to four different disinfection procedures, likewise evaluated and compared, the effect on budding of various cytokinins as 2iP (N6 [2-isopentenyl] adenine, isopentenyladenine), BAP (6 - (benzylamino) -9- (2-tetrahydropyranyl) -9H-purine, benzylaminopurine) and CPPU (N-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N ‘-phenylurea, Forclorofenuron) at a concentration of 2.5 mg L-1. It was found that the use of young cuttings from mature plants allowed the highest percentage of aseptic explants when a disinfection solution was sodium hypochlorite at 1.5% and 0.1% Tween 20 for 40 minutes and the addition of CPPU induced highest number of shoots from initial explant, however, 2ip promoted the greatest length of shoot.
Descripción
Palabras clave
ARÁNDANO, BLUEBERRY, CULTIVO IN VITRO, IN VITRO CULTIVATION, ERICACEAE, ESQUEJES, SEEDS, PLANTAS, PLANTS