Modelo de Distribución del Pargo Mancha (Lutjanus guttatus, Steindachner, 1869) en el Pacífico central y norte de Costa Rica e identificación de áreas para su manejo sostenible
Fecha
2020-05
Autores
Vega Bolaños, Hannia
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Editor
Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica)
Resumen
Resumen. El Lutjanus guttatus (Pargo macha) es una especie fundamental en las pesquerías de la costa Pacífica de Costa Rica, por tanto importante en la dinámica de los ecosistemas marino costeros. La captura de esta especie es realizada principalmente por pescadores artesanales. De esta especie se conocen los parámetros de crecimiento, edad y reproducción, pero poco se conoce la distribución de la especie en relación con las condiciones ambientales. En el presente trabajo se estimó la distribución potencial, utilizando el algoritmo Maxent, para todo el Pacífico, eso permitió que el modelo tuviera un buen ajuste ya que se incluyeron áreas donde no hay presencia de esta especie. Se realizaron tres modelos, el primero que incluye la batimetría, el segundo excluyendo la batimetría y el tercero proyectado al 2050 bajo escenario de cambio climático. Salvo el modelo que le da mucho peso a la batimetría, los demás mostraron que la temperatura superficial es determinante en la distribución de esta especie. Las pruebas de ROC parcial (Receiver-Operating-Characteristic) mostraron que todos los modelos generados son robustos estadísticamente. Al comparar los tres modelos se observa que para el año 2050 hay una pérdida de área potencial, lo cual crea retos para la gestión pesquera del pacífico norte.
Abstract. The Lutjanus guttatus (Snapper) is a essential species in the fisheries of the Pacific coast of Costa Rica, therefore important in the dynamics of coastal marine ecosystems. The catch of this species is mainly made by artisanal fishermen. The parameters of growth, age and reproduction are known of this species, but little is known the distribution of the species in relation to environmental conditions. In the present work the potential distribution was estimated, using the Maxent algorithm, for the entire Pacific, that allowed the model to have a good fit since areas were included where there is definitely presence of this species. Three models were made, the first including bathymetry, the second excluding bathymetry and the third projected to 2050 under the climate change scenario. Except for the model, which gives a lot of weight to the bathymetry, the others showed that the surface temperature is decisive in the distribution of this species. Partial ROC tests (Receiver-Operating-Characteristic) showed that all generated models are statistically robust. Comparing the three models shows that by 2050 there is a potential loss of area, which creates challenges for the fisheries management of the north Pacific.
Abstract. The Lutjanus guttatus (Snapper) is a essential species in the fisheries of the Pacific coast of Costa Rica, therefore important in the dynamics of coastal marine ecosystems. The catch of this species is mainly made by artisanal fishermen. The parameters of growth, age and reproduction are known of this species, but little is known the distribution of the species in relation to environmental conditions. In the present work the potential distribution was estimated, using the Maxent algorithm, for the entire Pacific, that allowed the model to have a good fit since areas were included where there is definitely presence of this species. Three models were made, the first including bathymetry, the second excluding bathymetry and the third projected to 2050 under the climate change scenario. Except for the model, which gives a lot of weight to the bathymetry, the others showed that the surface temperature is decisive in the distribution of this species. Partial ROC tests (Receiver-Operating-Characteristic) showed that all generated models are statistically robust. Comparing the three models shows that by 2050 there is a potential loss of area, which creates challenges for the fisheries management of the north Pacific.
Descripción
Vega Bolaños, H. (2020). Modelo de Distribución del Pargo Mancha (Lutjanus guttatus, Steindachner, 1869) en el Pacífico central y norte de Costa Rica e identificación de áreas para su manejo sostenible [Tesis de Maestría, Universidad Nacional].
Palabras clave
LUTJANUS GUTTATUS, PARGO, PESQUERÍAS, ECOSISTEMAS, COSTA RICA, SNAPPER, FISHERIES, ECOSYSTEMS
