Evaluación de tratamientos silviculturales en la sostenibilidad de bosques tropicales en la Región Huetar Norte, Costa Rica
Fecha
2020-01-01
Autores
Meza Picado, Víctor
abarca valverde, pablo david
Méndez Gamboa, Jhonny
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Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
El objetivo de este estudio consiste en analizar los tratamientos de refinamiento y liberación al evaluar la integridad ecológica, el potencial productivo de madera comercial y el dióxido de carbono, así como la rentabilidad financiera según los ciclos de corta biológico, normativo y financiero. Para esto se realizó la quinta medición del experimento silvicultural establecido en el año 1992 por la Comisión de Desarrollo Forestal de San Carlos (CODEFORSA). El experimento consistió en establecer tratamientos silviculturales después del aprovechamiento forestal en la unidad de manejo San Jorge en San Carlos, Costa Rica. Como resultados se obtuvieron que los tratamientos no alteraron los valores de referencia de especies heliófitas efímeras y área basal; el incremento medio anual no presenta diferencias significativas entre ellos; sin embargo, el ensayo de refinamiento muestra mayores incrementos reflejados en la producción neta de área basal y volumen de la masa remanente comercial, los cuales fueron 27.42 % y 9.11 % más altos, respectivamente. Como conclusión, el ciclo de corta financiera y biológica se cumple entre 4 y 5 años antes que el ciclo de corta normativo de 15 años para los tratamientos de refinamiento y liberación, lo que indica además, una mayor rentabilidad.
The objective of this study is to analyze the refinement and release treatments by evaluating the ecological integrity, the productive potential of commercial timber and carbon dioxide, as well as the financial profitability according to the biological, regulatory and financial cutting cycles. For this purpose, the fifth measurement of the silvicultural experiment established in 1992 by the San Carlos Forestry Development Commission (CODEFORSA) was carried out. The experiment consisted of establishing silvicultural treatments after forest harvesting in the San Jorge management unit in San Carlos, Costa Rica. The results showed that the treatments did not alter the reference values of ephemeral heliophyte species and basal area; the mean annual increment did not show significant differences between them; however, the refinement trial showed greater increases reflected in the net production of basal area and volume of the remaining commercial stand, which were 27.42 % and 9.11 % higher, respectively. In conclusion, the financial and biological cutting cycle is fulfilled 4 to 5 years earlier than the 15-year regulatory cutting cycle for the refinement and release treatments, which also indicates a higher profitability.
The objective of this study is to analyze the refinement and release treatments by evaluating the ecological integrity, the productive potential of commercial timber and carbon dioxide, as well as the financial profitability according to the biological, regulatory and financial cutting cycles. For this purpose, the fifth measurement of the silvicultural experiment established in 1992 by the San Carlos Forestry Development Commission (CODEFORSA) was carried out. The experiment consisted of establishing silvicultural treatments after forest harvesting in the San Jorge management unit in San Carlos, Costa Rica. The results showed that the treatments did not alter the reference values of ephemeral heliophyte species and basal area; the mean annual increment did not show significant differences between them; however, the refinement trial showed greater increases reflected in the net production of basal area and volume of the remaining commercial stand, which were 27.42 % and 9.11 % higher, respectively. In conclusion, the financial and biological cutting cycle is fulfilled 4 to 5 years earlier than the 15-year regulatory cutting cycle for the refinement and release treatments, which also indicates a higher profitability.
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BOSQUES, FORESTS, CONSERVACIÓN DE LA VIDA SILVESTRE, CONSERVATION OF LIFE WILD, COSTA RICA, ESTUDIOS DE CASOS, CASE STUDIES, RENTABILIDAD, COST EFFECTIVENESS, SILVICULTURA, FORESTRY