La reforma estructural de las pensiones de seguridad social en América Latina: modelos, características, resultados y lecciones
Fecha
2002-08-01
Autores
Mesa-Lago, Carmelo
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Editor
Editorial Universidad Nacional
Resumen
La reforma estructural de las pensiones de la seguridad social es un tema de debate internacional y América Latina ha sido pionera en dicha reforma, tiene una experiencia acumulada de dos décadas y ha ejercido una influencia importante en otras regiones del mundo. Este artículo recopila información legal y estadística sobre dicha reforma en diez países latinoamericanos, con el fin de acometer tres tareas: (I) analizar los tres modelos generales diversos seguidos y apuntar las características de las reformas entre los países;(II) evaluar el desempeño de la reforma contrastándola con nueve supuestos convencionales sobre sus efectos (en la cobertura, el pago de las cotizaciones, la competencia y el costo administrativo, el impacto en el ahorro nacional, el rendimiento de la inversión, etc); y (III) extraer lecciones de estas reformas que sean útiles para la región y otros países.
The structural reform of social security pensions is a subject of international debate and Latin America has been a pioneer in such reform, has accumulated experience of two decades and has exerted an important influence in other regions of the world. This article compiles legal and statistical information on said reform in ten Latin American countries, in order to undertake three tasks: (I) analyze the three different general models followed and point out the characteristics of the reforms among the countries; (II) evaluate the performance of the reform contrasting it with nine conventional assumptions about its effects (in coverage, payment of contributions, competition and administrative cost, impact on national savings, return on investment, etc.); and (III) draw lessons from these reforms that are useful for the region and other countries.
The structural reform of social security pensions is a subject of international debate and Latin America has been a pioneer in such reform, has accumulated experience of two decades and has exerted an important influence in other regions of the world. This article compiles legal and statistical information on said reform in ten Latin American countries, in order to undertake three tasks: (I) analyze the three different general models followed and point out the characteristics of the reforms among the countries; (II) evaluate the performance of the reform contrasting it with nine conventional assumptions about its effects (in coverage, payment of contributions, competition and administrative cost, impact on national savings, return on investment, etc.); and (III) draw lessons from these reforms that are useful for the region and other countries.
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Palabras clave
PENSIONES, REFORMA, SEGURIDAD SOCIAL, AMÉRICA LATINA, PENSIONS, REFORM, SOCIAL SECURITY, LATIN AMERICA