Potencial de la miel de Tetragonisca angustula y Scaptotrigona pectoralis para la formulación de un medicamento antibacteriano y cicatrizante de uso veterinario
Fecha
2021-08
Autores
Arguedas Mora, Martha
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
Actualmente, las infecciones causadas por cepas antibiótico resistentes de Staphylococcus sp. productoras de biofilms tienen elevada importancia clínica (Zamora et al, 2017). Esto se debe a la protección que les brinda la matriz extracelular (biofilms), ya que protege a las bacterias de los mecanismos de defensa inmunológica del huésped, así como de los agentes antimicrobianos de rutina. Esto motivó la presente investigación, la cual es un emprendimiento donde se crearon 11 fórmulas cuyo principio activo es miel de Tetragonisca angustula y/o Scaptotrigona pectoralis. Estas fueron sometidas a análisis de carga microbiológica, actividad antimicrobiana, efecto antibiofilms y capacidad antioxidante. Los resultados obtenidos se compararon con dos fármacos; Kruuse Manuka G® de uso veterinario y Medihoney® de uso humano, las cuales tiene como principio activo miel de Leptospermun scoparium (Manuka) de Nueva Zelanda. Los resultados obtenidos superaron a los medicamentos mencionados y demostraron potencial como fármacos en la lucha contra la resistencia antibacteriana; al presentar un amplio espectro antibacteriano de acción, una menor dosis efecto para inhibición del crecimiento del biofilm. Se comprobó que sólo las formulaciones presentan la capacidad de destruir la membrana del biofilm una vez formada. Hallazgos idóneos para la formulación de un fármaco de uso tópico antibacteriano y que favorece la cicatrización de heridas y quemaduras. Se logró estandarizar la capacidad antioxidante en formulaciones cuyo principio activo es la miel de meliponinos.
Currently, infections caused by antibiotic resistant strains of Staphylococcus sp. biofilm producers have high clinical importance (Zamora et al, 2017). This is due to the protection provided by the extracellular matrix (biofilms), since it protects the bacteria from the host's immune defense mechanisms, as well as from routine antimicrobial agents. This motivated the present investigation, which is an undertaking where 11 formulas were created whose active ingredient is Tetragonisca angustula honey and / or Scaptotrigona pectoralis. These were subjected to analysis of microbiological load, antimicrobial activity, antibiofilm effect and antioxidant capacity. The results obtained were compared with two drugs; Kruuse Manuka G® for veterinary use and Medihoney® for human use, which have Leptospermun scoparium (Manuka) honey from New Zealand as an active ingredient. The results obtained surpassed the aforementioned drugs and showed potential as drugs in the fight against antibacterial resistance; by presenting a broad antibacterial spectrum of action, a lower effect dose for inhibition of biofilm growth. It was found that only the formulations have the ability to destroy the biofilm membrane once it is formed. Ideal findings for the formulation of a topical antibacterial drug that favors the healing of wounds and burns. It was possible to standardize the antioxidant capacity in formulations whose active principle is meliponin honey.
Currently, infections caused by antibiotic resistant strains of Staphylococcus sp. biofilm producers have high clinical importance (Zamora et al, 2017). This is due to the protection provided by the extracellular matrix (biofilms), since it protects the bacteria from the host's immune defense mechanisms, as well as from routine antimicrobial agents. This motivated the present investigation, which is an undertaking where 11 formulas were created whose active ingredient is Tetragonisca angustula honey and / or Scaptotrigona pectoralis. These were subjected to analysis of microbiological load, antimicrobial activity, antibiofilm effect and antioxidant capacity. The results obtained were compared with two drugs; Kruuse Manuka G® for veterinary use and Medihoney® for human use, which have Leptospermun scoparium (Manuka) honey from New Zealand as an active ingredient. The results obtained surpassed the aforementioned drugs and showed potential as drugs in the fight against antibacterial resistance; by presenting a broad antibacterial spectrum of action, a lower effect dose for inhibition of biofilm growth. It was found that only the formulations have the ability to destroy the biofilm membrane once it is formed. Ideal findings for the formulation of a topical antibacterial drug that favors the healing of wounds and burns. It was possible to standardize the antioxidant capacity in formulations whose active principle is meliponin honey.
Descripción
Clasificación 638.16 A694p
Palabras clave
MEDICINA NATURAL, MIEL DE ABEJA, TETRAGONISCA, ANTIBIÓTICOS, ABEJAS, BEES, HONEY BEE, NATURAL MEDICINE, ANTIBIOTICS