Desafíos para apoyar la construcción colaborativa de política pública contextualizada a la provincia Guanacaste, Costa Rica
Fecha
2021
Autores
Bautista-Solís, Pável
Sáenz Segura, Fernando
Lezcano Calderón, Sandra
Ávila Artavia, Alejandra
Arroyo Zeledón, Michael
Golcher Benavides, Christian
Vargas Vargas, Giancarlo
Castro Fallas, Jean Marco
Aguilar-Ellis, Arianna
Díaz Alvarado, María José
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Editor
Universidad Nacional
Resumen
La gobernanza del Desarrollo Territorial Rural (DTR) en Costa Rica ha sido actualizada y promovida a partir de la creación del Instituto de Desarrollo Rural (Inder). En Costa Rica existe un moderno marco legal que pretende facilitar la participación ciudadana en el desarrollo territorial rural. Sin embargo, la sociedad ha demostrado desafíos importantes para incorporarse a la acción en la gobernanza territorial. Por un lado, las potenciales afectaciones de cambio global no son muy evidentes a escala local y regional, por lo que pueden constituir una amenaza para consolidar el desarrollo de las comunidades rurales. Por otro lado, las comunidades
rurales, sus organizaciones y los espacios de gobernanza creados en esta nueva institucionalidad para el desarrollo, tienen retos importantes para contar con las capacidades requeridas para participar en estos espacios y apoyar la construcción colaborativa de política pública contextualizada a los territorios rurales. En este contexto, la Universidad Nacional está implementando un proyecto de extensión que pretende facilitar el fortalecimiento de capacidades, en espacios de gobernanza y organizaciones gremiales interesadas en el Desarrollo Territorial Rural de la provincia Guanacaste. El objetivo de este capítulo es “Comprender el contexto institucional de la gestión universitaria de proyectos de extensión para facilitar la articulación de capacidades en la formulación de propuestas de políticas públicas para el Desarrollo Territorial Rural”. Específicamente, abordamos como eje: “Las adaptaciones a las situaciones emergentes que enfrenta el equipo de gestión del proyecto de Extensión Universitaria para facilitar el proceso de co-construcción de políticas de Desarrollo
Territorial Rural en la provincia Guanacaste”. Utilizando la metodología de sistematización de experiencias se identifican los aspectos determinantes que influyen en la ejecución del proyecto de extensión. Además, se analiza como estos aspectos han influido en los alcances del proyecto de extensión. Los resultados de la primera fase del proyecto desarrollada desde la formulación en 2018, hasta el primer año y medio de su implementación en 2020, señalan que factores externos como el retraso en la asignación del presupuesto en 2019 y la contingencia por COVID-19 en 2020 obligan a adaptar las actividades de intercambio con la sociedad y pueden limitar el alcance planteado del proyecto. Sin embargo, la estrategia descentralizada y colaborativa de manejo e implementación de Cadico-DTR mejoran la cohesión entre los participantes y permiten generar estrategias de acción para desarrollar el proyecto. Asimismo, el desarrollo de esta síntesis de medio término permite valorar y adoptar mejores estrategias para mejorar el desempeño del trabajo. Los aprendizajes discutidos en este documento pueden mejorar el proceso de gestión de proyectos de extensión, así como aportar elementos importantes para la planeación de la extensión universitaria y la simplificación de los procesos administrativos de la Universidad Nacional.
ABSTRACT: The governance of Territorial Rural Development in Costa Rica has been updated and promoted since the creation of the Institute for Rural Development (Inder). In Costa Rica, a modern legal framework aims to facilitate citizen participation in rural territorial development. However, society has shown significant challenges for incorporating action in territorial governance. On one hand, the potential impacts of global change are not very evident at the local and regional levels, so they can pose a threat to consolidate rural communities’ development. On the other hand, the rural communities, their organizations, and the spaces of governance created in this new institutionalism for development raise important challenges to have the capacities required to participate in these spaces and to support the collaborative construction of public policy contextualized in the rural territories. In this context, the Universidad Nacional is implementing an extension project that aims to facilitate capacity building in governance spaces and trade organizations interested in Territorial Rural Development in the Guanacaste province. This chapter seeks “to understand the institutional context of university management of extension projects to facilitate the articulation of capacities in the formulation of public policy proposals for rural territorial development”. Specifically, we address as an axis the following: “The adaptations to the emerging situations that the management team of the university extension Project faces to facilitate the process of co-construction of rural territorial development policies in the Guanacaste province”. Using the methodology of documentation of experiences, the determining aspects influencing the implementation of the extension project are identified. Moreover, it is analyzed how these aspects have influenced the scope of the extension project. The results of the first phase of the project, developed from its formulation in 2018 to the first and a half year of its implementation in 2020, point out that external factors such as the delay in the budget’s allocation in, 2019 and the contingency by COVID-19 in 2020 oblige to adapt the exchange activities with society and may limit the proposed scope of the project. However, the decentralized and collaborative strategy for managing and implementing Cadico-DTR improves cohesion among participants and allows them to generate action strategies to develop the project. In addition, the development of this mid-term synthesis allows for the assessment and adoption of better strategies to improve the work’s performance. The learning discussed in this paper can enhance the process of managing extension projects, as well as to provide important elements for the planning of university extension and the simplification of the administrative procedures of the Universidad Nacional.
ABSTRACT: The governance of Territorial Rural Development in Costa Rica has been updated and promoted since the creation of the Institute for Rural Development (Inder). In Costa Rica, a modern legal framework aims to facilitate citizen participation in rural territorial development. However, society has shown significant challenges for incorporating action in territorial governance. On one hand, the potential impacts of global change are not very evident at the local and regional levels, so they can pose a threat to consolidate rural communities’ development. On the other hand, the rural communities, their organizations, and the spaces of governance created in this new institutionalism for development raise important challenges to have the capacities required to participate in these spaces and to support the collaborative construction of public policy contextualized in the rural territories. In this context, the Universidad Nacional is implementing an extension project that aims to facilitate capacity building in governance spaces and trade organizations interested in Territorial Rural Development in the Guanacaste province. This chapter seeks “to understand the institutional context of university management of extension projects to facilitate the articulation of capacities in the formulation of public policy proposals for rural territorial development”. Specifically, we address as an axis the following: “The adaptations to the emerging situations that the management team of the university extension Project faces to facilitate the process of co-construction of rural territorial development policies in the Guanacaste province”. Using the methodology of documentation of experiences, the determining aspects influencing the implementation of the extension project are identified. Moreover, it is analyzed how these aspects have influenced the scope of the extension project. The results of the first phase of the project, developed from its formulation in 2018 to the first and a half year of its implementation in 2020, point out that external factors such as the delay in the budget’s allocation in, 2019 and the contingency by COVID-19 in 2020 oblige to adapt the exchange activities with society and may limit the proposed scope of the project. However, the decentralized and collaborative strategy for managing and implementing Cadico-DTR improves cohesion among participants and allows them to generate action strategies to develop the project. In addition, the development of this mid-term synthesis allows for the assessment and adoption of better strategies to improve the work’s performance. The learning discussed in this paper can enhance the process of managing extension projects, as well as to provide important elements for the planning of university extension and the simplification of the administrative procedures of the Universidad Nacional.
Descripción
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Palabras clave
DESARROLLO RURAL, POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS, EXTENSIÓN UNIVERSITARIA, GESTIÓN DE PROYECTOS, GUANACASTE, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, PUBLIC POLICIES, UNIVERSITY EXTENSION, PROJECT MANAGEMENT