Voluntary carbon neutral programs. Adoption and firms’ strategies
Fecha
2022
Autores
Valenciano Salazar, Jorge A.
André, Francisco J.
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Editor
Elsevier Inc.
Resumen
Los programas voluntarios de Carbono Neutral (CN) promueven la reducción de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero de sus participantes. El objetivo principal de este artículo es revisar la literatura sobre el comportamiento de las empresas en relación con los programas de CN, prestando especial atención a la decisión de adopción y a las estrategias de las empresas para cumplir con los requisitos de CN. Como objetivo adicional, analizamos la justificación económica de las decisiones de las empresas conectando nuestra revisión de la literatura con un modelo simple basado en la teoría microeconómica estándar de la empresa. Modelamos la decisión de la empresa como un problema de tres etapas que incluye, primero, la adopción (o no) de un programa voluntario de CN; segundo, la selección de estrategias para convertirse en CN (si se adopta el programa); y tercero, las decisiones habituales sobre precio y cantidad en el mercado de productos. El modelo ayuda a comprender algunos resultados encontrados en la literatura, como por qué algunos sectores de actividad son más propensos que otros a adoptar la certificación de CN. También explica por qué estos programas voluntarios tienden a ser adoptados por empresas grandes, innovadoras y más preocupadas por la equidad intergeneracional y la preservación del medio ambiente.
Voluntary Carbon Neutral (CN) programs promote the reduction of Greenhouse Gas emissions of participants. The main objective of this article is to review the literature about firms’ behavior in connection to CN programs, paying particular attention to the adoption decision and the firms’ strategies to meet the CN requirements. As an additional aim, we analyze the economic rationale behind the firms’ decisions by connecting our literature review to a simple model based on the standard microeconomic theory of the firm. We model the firm’s decision as a three-stage problem which includes, first, the adoption (or not) of a voluntary CN program, second, the selection of strategies to become CN (if the program is adopted) and third, the usual price and quantity decisions in the output market. The model helps understand some results found in the literature, such as why some activity sectors are more prone than others to adopt the CN certification. It also provides an explanation for the fact that these voluntary programs tend to be adopted by firms that are large, innovative, and more concerned about intergenerational equity and environmental preservation.
Voluntary Carbon Neutral (CN) programs promote the reduction of Greenhouse Gas emissions of participants. The main objective of this article is to review the literature about firms’ behavior in connection to CN programs, paying particular attention to the adoption decision and the firms’ strategies to meet the CN requirements. As an additional aim, we analyze the economic rationale behind the firms’ decisions by connecting our literature review to a simple model based on the standard microeconomic theory of the firm. We model the firm’s decision as a three-stage problem which includes, first, the adoption (or not) of a voluntary CN program, second, the selection of strategies to become CN (if the program is adopted) and third, the usual price and quantity decisions in the output market. The model helps understand some results found in the literature, such as why some activity sectors are more prone than others to adopt the CN certification. It also provides an explanation for the fact that these voluntary programs tend to be adopted by firms that are large, innovative, and more concerned about intergenerational equity and environmental preservation.
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Palabras clave
EFECTO INVERNADERO, ESTRATEGIAS DE DESARROLLO, GASES, SOSTENIBILIDAD, MEDIO AMBIENTE, GREENHOUSE EFFECT, DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES, GASES, SUSTAINABILITY, ENVIRONMENT