Estilos de crecimiento en América Latina bajo escrutinio: un paso hacia caminos alternativos de desarrollo
Fecha
2006-12
Autores
Chaves Ortís, Jorge Arturo
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Editor
Editorial Universidad Nacional
Resumen
El presente trabajo1 tiene un carácter un poco
distinto a la abundante literatura crítica de las
políticas y reformas económicas aplicadas en
América Latina durante las últimas dos décadas.
Trata de mostrar una síntesis de críticas al
“modelo”, —al conjunto de reformas y políticas
aplicadas—, de analistas que han estado o siguen
estando relacionados en alguna medida con
organismos financieros o económicos
internacionales: el Banco Interamericano de
Desarrollo, la Comisión Económica para América
Latina de las Naciones Unidas (CEPAL), el
propio Banco Mundial y otras entidades de
investigación radicadas en la misma capital
estadounidense. Se trata, al menos en varios de los
casos, de instituciones con carácter oficial desde el
punto de vista de gobiernos, o de gran
reconocimiento en el ámbito político
internacional. Escuchar los puntos de vista de
estos analistas ofrece, por tanto, el interés de
contar con estudios nada sospechosos de
hostilidad ante el supuesto “modelo”. Además nos
brinda el acercamiento de quienes conocen de
primera mano y, en algunos casos, “desde dentro”
lo que ha sido todo esta estrategia económica
aplicada en la región. Este tipo de enfoque facilita
la mayor objetividad posible en la crítica y una
mayor fuerza en la argumentación.
Con este tipo de trabajo se pretende estimular la
discusión local, en Costa Rica y Centroamérica,
sobre el estilo de crecimiento vigente desde
mediados de los años ochenta, a partir de análisis
1 Estas páginas aparecen de manera más amplia en la
publicación del autor: “Hacia un desarrollo humano
integral Situación, perspectivas y propuestas
alternativas al ‘modelo económico’ actual en América
Latina“ (CELAM, Bogotá, 2006)
críticos que llevan varios años circulando en el
ámbito internacional, pero que aquí aparentemente
pasan inadvertidos.
The present work1 has a somewhat different from the abundant critical literature of the economic policies and reforms applied in Latin America for the past two decades. Try to show a synthesis of criticism of “Model”, —to the set of reforms and policies applied— from analysts who have been or are following being related to some extent to financial or economic organizations international: the Inter-American Bank of Development, the Economic Commission for America Latin America of the United Nations (ECLAC), the own World Bank and other entities of investigation based in the same capital American. It is, at least in several of the cases, from official institutions from the point of view of governments, or of great recognition in the political arena international. Listen to the views of these analysts therefore offer the interest of have studies not suspicious of hostility to the supposed "model". Furthermore we offers the approach of those who know of first hand and, in some cases, "from within" what has all this economic strategy been applied in the region. This type of approach facilitates the greatest possible objectivity in criticism and a greater strength in argumentation. This type of work is intended to stimulate local discussion, in Costa Rica and Central America, on the current growth style since mid-eighties, from analysis 1 These pages appear more broadly in the Author's publication: “Towards human development comprehensive Situation, perspectives and proposals alternatives to the current 'economic model' in America Latina "(CELAM, Bogotá, 2006) critics who have been circulating in the internationally but here apparently go unnoticed.
The present work1 has a somewhat different from the abundant critical literature of the economic policies and reforms applied in Latin America for the past two decades. Try to show a synthesis of criticism of “Model”, —to the set of reforms and policies applied— from analysts who have been or are following being related to some extent to financial or economic organizations international: the Inter-American Bank of Development, the Economic Commission for America Latin America of the United Nations (ECLAC), the own World Bank and other entities of investigation based in the same capital American. It is, at least in several of the cases, from official institutions from the point of view of governments, or of great recognition in the political arena international. Listen to the views of these analysts therefore offer the interest of have studies not suspicious of hostility to the supposed "model". Furthermore we offers the approach of those who know of first hand and, in some cases, "from within" what has all this economic strategy been applied in the region. This type of approach facilitates the greatest possible objectivity in criticism and a greater strength in argumentation. This type of work is intended to stimulate local discussion, in Costa Rica and Central America, on the current growth style since mid-eighties, from analysis 1 These pages appear more broadly in the Author's publication: “Towards human development comprehensive Situation, perspectives and proposals alternatives to the current 'economic model' in America Latina "(CELAM, Bogotá, 2006) critics who have been circulating in the internationally but here apparently go unnoticed.
Descripción
Palabras clave
AMÉRICA LATINA, DESARROLLO, CRECIMIENTO ECONÓMICO, LATIN AMERICA, DEVELOPING, ECONOMIC GROWTH