Human-Wildlife Conflict in Indigenous Communities of the Nairi Awari Indigenous Territory of East Central Costa Rica
Fecha
2022-04
Autores
Sáenz Bolaños, Carolina
Fuller, Todd K.
Sievert, Lynnette
Carrillo Eduardo
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CONABIO
Resumen
El conflicto entre humanos y vida silvestre es esencial para la conservación porque es necesario para mantener el equilibrio de los requisitos que necesitan los humanos y la vida silvestre. Los territorios indígenas no están exentos de interacciones con la vida silvestre, y en este estudio, nos enfocamos en un territorio indígena del Grupo Indígena Cabécar de Costa Rica llamado Nairi Awari. Queríamos saber cuáles son las especies de vida silvestre más comunes, qué interacciones con estas especies los Nairi Awari consideran negativas y cuáles son las posibles soluciones a estas interacciones. Para ello, administramos 24 cuestionarios semiestructurados a indígenas entre marzo y agosto de 2019. Los resultados mostraron 16 especies como "animales problemáticos", siendo el jaguar ( Panthera onca ) el más común, seguido de los halcones. De las seis categorías de problemas identificadas, la depredación de aves de corral fue la categoría más citada, pero generó menos sentimientos negativos entre los encuestados que algunos otros problemas. Las posibles soluciones a la depredación de cerdos o vacas, problemas que más enfurecieron a los encuestados, incluyeron una mejor gestión (48%), asustar a los animales (12%) y matar a grandes felinos (16%). Es importante comprender estas percepciones para abordar la gestión futura en beneficio de la conservación y el bienestar humano. En particular, existe potencial para trabajar a largo plazo para mejorar la gestión de los animales domésticos.
Human-wildlife conflict is essential for conservation because it is necessary to maintain the balance of requirements needed by humans and wildlife. Indigenous territories are not exempt from interactions with wildlife, and in this study, we focus on one indigenous territory of the Cabécar Indigenous Group of Costa Rica called Nairi Awari. We wanted to know which are the most common wildlife species, which interactions with these species the Nairi Awari consider negative, and what are the possible solutions to these interactions. To do this, we administered 24 semi-structured questionnaires to indigenous people from March-August 2019. The results showed 16 species as “problematic animals”, the jaguar (Panthera onca) being the most common, followed by hawks. Of the six problem categories identified, predation on poultry was the most cited category, but it raised fewer negative feelings among respondents than some other problems. Possible solutions to pig or cow predation, problems which most maddened respondents, included improved management (48%), scaring animals (12%), and killing big cats (16%). It is important to understand these perceptions in order to address future management to benefit conservation and human welfare. In particular, there is potential to work in the long term to improve the management of domestic animals.
Human-wildlife conflict is essential for conservation because it is necessary to maintain the balance of requirements needed by humans and wildlife. Indigenous territories are not exempt from interactions with wildlife, and in this study, we focus on one indigenous territory of the Cabécar Indigenous Group of Costa Rica called Nairi Awari. We wanted to know which are the most common wildlife species, which interactions with these species the Nairi Awari consider negative, and what are the possible solutions to these interactions. To do this, we administered 24 semi-structured questionnaires to indigenous people from March-August 2019. The results showed 16 species as “problematic animals”, the jaguar (Panthera onca) being the most common, followed by hawks. Of the six problem categories identified, predation on poultry was the most cited category, but it raised fewer negative feelings among respondents than some other problems. Possible solutions to pig or cow predation, problems which most maddened respondents, included improved management (48%), scaring animals (12%), and killing big cats (16%). It is important to understand these perceptions in order to address future management to benefit conservation and human welfare. In particular, there is potential to work in the long term to improve the management of domestic animals.
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Palabras clave
INDÍGENAS, RESERVAS NATURALES, CONFLICTOS, VIDA SILVESTRE, COSTA RICA, INDIGENOUS PEOPLES, CONFLICTS, NATURE RESERVES, WILDLIFE, COSTA RICA, CONSERVACION, CONSERVATION
