Dinámica poblacional del pequeño escarabajo de la colmena, Aethina tumida, en abejas africanizadas
Fecha
2023-11
Autores
Miranda Cubero, Emanuel
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica)
Resumen
Este Trabajo Final de Graduación se centró en el estudio de la dinámica poblacional del escarabajo de la colmena (Aethina tumida) en colmenas de abejas africanizadas. Los cuatro objetivos principales incluyeron el monitoreo de la presencia de escarabajos adultos, la evaluación de la reproducción de estos insectos, el análisis de la relación entre la presencia del escarabajo y la salud de las colmenas, así como la influencia de factores climáticos en su densidad. Durante el estudio, no se observó una variación significativa en la presencia de escarabajos adultos en las colmenas, lo que sugiere una dinámica poblacional influenciada por factores estacionales y la disponibilidad de recursos. Además, se confirmó la reproducción del escarabajo en las colmenas, ya que se observaron estadios larvales. Esto subraya la importancia de controlar esta plaga para prevenir daños a las colonias de abejas. No se encontró una correlación entre la presencia del escarabajo y la salud de las colmenas, pero se subrayó la importancia de mantener en buen estado las colmenas, pues las que se encontraban en malas condiciones parecían ser más propensas a la infestación. Asimismo, los datos meteorológicos recopilados revelaron que las condiciones de temperatura y humedad que podrían afectar la densidad de escarabajos adultos en las colmenas. En base a estos resultados, se ofrecen recomendaciones que incluyen el establecimiento de un programa de monitoreo continuo, el control estricto de la salud de las colmenas, la investigación y aplicación de métodos de control efectivos, la consideración de factores climáticos en la gestión de colmenas, la capacitación de apicultores y la promoción de la colaboración entre los actores involucrados en la apicultura. En resumen, este estudio proporciona información valiosa para el manejo y control del escarabajo de la colmena en la apicultura, y, subraya la necesidad de continuar investigando para mejorar las estrategias de manejo y conservación.
This Final Graduation Project focused on the study of the population dynamics of the hive beetle (Aethina tumida) in Africanized honey bee hives. The four main objectives included monitoring the presence of adult beetles, evaluating the reproduction of these insects, analyzing the relationship between the presence of the beetle and the health of the hives, and the influence of climatic factors on their density. During the study, no significant variation was observed in the presence of adult beetles in the hives, suggesting population dynamics influenced by seasonal factors and resource availability. In addition, the reproduction of the beetle in the hives was confirmed, as larval stages were observed. This underlines the importance of controlling this pest to prevent damage to bee colonies. No correlation was found between beetle presence and hive health, but the importance of maintaining hives in good condition was emphasized, as those in poor condition appeared to be more prone to infestation. Also, meteorological data collected revealed that temperature and humidity conditions that could affect the density of adult beetles in the hives. Based on these results, recommendations are offered that include the establishment of a continuous monitoring program, strict control of hive health, research and application of effective control methods, consideration of climatic factors in hive management, training of beekeepers, and promotion of collaboration among beekeeping stakeholders. In summary, this study provides valuable information for hive beetle management and control in beekeeping, and underscores the need for further research to improve management and conservation strategies.
This Final Graduation Project focused on the study of the population dynamics of the hive beetle (Aethina tumida) in Africanized honey bee hives. The four main objectives included monitoring the presence of adult beetles, evaluating the reproduction of these insects, analyzing the relationship between the presence of the beetle and the health of the hives, and the influence of climatic factors on their density. During the study, no significant variation was observed in the presence of adult beetles in the hives, suggesting population dynamics influenced by seasonal factors and resource availability. In addition, the reproduction of the beetle in the hives was confirmed, as larval stages were observed. This underlines the importance of controlling this pest to prevent damage to bee colonies. No correlation was found between beetle presence and hive health, but the importance of maintaining hives in good condition was emphasized, as those in poor condition appeared to be more prone to infestation. Also, meteorological data collected revealed that temperature and humidity conditions that could affect the density of adult beetles in the hives. Based on these results, recommendations are offered that include the establishment of a continuous monitoring program, strict control of hive health, research and application of effective control methods, consideration of climatic factors in hive management, training of beekeepers, and promotion of collaboration among beekeeping stakeholders. In summary, this study provides valuable information for hive beetle management and control in beekeeping, and underscores the need for further research to improve management and conservation strategies.
Descripción
Palabras clave
APICULTURA, APICULTURE, ABEJAS, BEES, ESCARABAJO, BEETLE, ENFERMEDADES, DISEASES, APIARIOS, APIARIES, COLEOPTERA, COLMENAS, BEEHIVE, ORGANISMOS PATÓGENOS, PATHOGENIC ORGANISMS, PLAGAS DE INSECTOS, INSECT PESTS, CICLO VITAL, LIFE CYCLE, LIBERIA (GUANACASTE)