El Plan Trifinio: un proceso de desarrollo sustentable transfronterizo en Centroamérica
Fecha
2004
Autores
López Ramírez, Alexander
Vega, Heidy
Hernández Ulate, Aurora
Ramírez Brenes, Juan Carlos
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
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Editor
Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Resumen
Durante casi tres décadas, en la Región del Trifinio se ha
estado realizando un esfuerzo para desarrollar un proceso
de gestión del ambiente y del territorio, con el fin de
que este se convierta, en la posibilidad de mejorar las
condiciones de vida de las comunidades fronterizas.
Esta iniciativa indudablemente ha afrontado grandes
retos. Algunos de ellos estuvieron relacionados con
consolidar, por primera vez en el Istmo Centroamericano,
un régimen trinacional que permitiera coordinar acciones,
compartir una agenda, integrar una zona dividida por los
límites políticos, resolver controversias e implementar en
el espacio las decisiones de tres estados.
A estos desafíos se les unió un espacio geográfico muy
diverso, la interacción de varias escalas y un amplio
universo de actores. De la visualización de estas variables
se ha generado la inquietud de presentar las siguientes
páginas, cuyo objetivo general es analizar la influencia
que este proceso trinacional tiene sobre el fomento de
acciones cooperativas y de integración, pero también de
conflicto.
Este documento en su primer capítulo define los regímenes
internacionales y describe su funcionamiento. Además
ahonda en el papel que ha tenido el Trifinio como régimen
en el proceso de paz e integraci6n centroamericana. En
este sentido, se trata de valorar la eficiencia y sostenibilidad
de esta iniciativa.
El segundo capítulo hace referencia a las condiciones
ambientales, socioeconómicas y políticas que intervienen
en la región del Trifinio. Para complementar el análisis de estos aspectos, al iniciar el capítulo se realiza una
aproximación geográfica a la zona de estudio, se analiza
la dinámica de los actores y se describen las iniciativas
impulsadas en el área.
La evaluación de los resultados, considerando las
fortalezas, los factores de éxito, los beneficios, las
limitantes y las amenazas, es el tema del tercero capítulo.
Finalmente, este documento culmina su análisis con una
reflexión sobre las perspectivas de trabajo en la región y
cuáles son las lecciones aprendidas como resultado de la
implementación de este proceso.
For almost three decades, the Trifinio Region has been making an effort to develop a process of environmental and territorial management, with the aim of making it possible to improve the living conditions of the border communities. This initiative has undoubtedly faced great challenges. Some of them were related to consolidating, for the first time in the Central American Isthmus, a tri-national regime that would allow coordinating actions, sharing an agenda, integrating an area divided by political boundaries, resolving disputes and implementing in space the decisions of three states. These challenges were compounded by a very diverse geographic space, the interaction of various scales and a broad universe of actors. The visualization of these variables has generated the concern to present the following pages, whose general objective is to analyze the influence that this tri-national process has on the promotion of cooperative actions and integration, but also of conflict. The first chapter of this document defines the international regimes and describes their functioning. It also delves into the role that the Trifinio has played as a regime in the Central American peace and integration process. In this sense, it seeks to assess the efficiency and sustainability of this initiative. The second chapter refers to the environmental, socioeconomic and political conditions involved in the Trifinio region. To complement the analysis of these aspects, the chapter begins with a geographical approach to the study area, an analysis of the dynamics of the actors and a description of the initiatives promoted in the area. The evaluation of the results, considering the strengths, success factors, benefits, limitations and threats, is the subject of the third chapter. Finally, this document concludes its analysis with a reflection on the prospects for work in the region and the lessons learned as a result of the implementation of this process.
For almost three decades, the Trifinio Region has been making an effort to develop a process of environmental and territorial management, with the aim of making it possible to improve the living conditions of the border communities. This initiative has undoubtedly faced great challenges. Some of them were related to consolidating, for the first time in the Central American Isthmus, a tri-national regime that would allow coordinating actions, sharing an agenda, integrating an area divided by political boundaries, resolving disputes and implementing in space the decisions of three states. These challenges were compounded by a very diverse geographic space, the interaction of various scales and a broad universe of actors. The visualization of these variables has generated the concern to present the following pages, whose general objective is to analyze the influence that this tri-national process has on the promotion of cooperative actions and integration, but also of conflict. The first chapter of this document defines the international regimes and describes their functioning. It also delves into the role that the Trifinio has played as a regime in the Central American peace and integration process. In this sense, it seeks to assess the efficiency and sustainability of this initiative. The second chapter refers to the environmental, socioeconomic and political conditions involved in the Trifinio region. To complement the analysis of these aspects, the chapter begins with a geographical approach to the study area, an analysis of the dynamics of the actors and a description of the initiatives promoted in the area. The evaluation of the results, considering the strengths, success factors, benefits, limitations and threats, is the subject of the third chapter. Finally, this document concludes its analysis with a reflection on the prospects for work in the region and the lessons learned as a result of the implementation of this process.
Descripción
Palabras clave
AMÉRICA CENTRAL, FRONTERAS, CONFLICTOS FRONTERIZOS, INTEGRACION REGIONAL, SOSTENIBILIDAD