Aprendizaje institucional y patrón de especialización comercial y tecnológica en centroamericana (STD-002-2000)
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Fecha
2000-05-28
Autores
Vargas, Leiner
Miranda, Donald
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Editor
Centro Internacional de Política Económica para el Desarrollo Sostenible (CINPE)
Resumen
Los países centroamericanos muestran una relativa dependencia de productos provenientes de los recursos naturales. Sin embargo, durante la década pasada las exportaciones de la región hacia el mercado de la OCDE se han diversificado, incrementándose significativamente el porcentaje de manufacturas no basadas en recursos naturales. No obstante, los mayores cambios han sido motivados por sectores que si bien significan una diversidad vertical de la estructura exportadora, mantienen las mismas debilidades estructurales (escaso valor agregado y sensible a condiciones externas), de los sectores exportadores tradicionales.
Por otra parte el dinamismo exportador de los países centroamericanos durante la década del noventa, no se ha acompañado por la incorporación de progreso tecnológico y aumento de productividad sino que por la explotación de ventajas comparativas estáticas.
The Central American countries show a relative dependency of the products made from natural resources. Nevertheless, during the last decade the exports of the region to the market of the OECD have been diversified, being increased significantly the percentage of manufactures non based on natural resources. However, the greater changes have been motivated by sectors that although mean a vertical diversity of the exporting structure, maintain the same structural weaknesses (low added value and sensible to external conditions), of the traditional exporting sectors. On the other hand the exporting dynamism of the Central American countries during the Nineties, was not accompanied by the incorporation of technological progress and increase of productivity but by the operation of static comparative advantages.
The Central American countries show a relative dependency of the products made from natural resources. Nevertheless, during the last decade the exports of the region to the market of the OECD have been diversified, being increased significantly the percentage of manufactures non based on natural resources. However, the greater changes have been motivated by sectors that although mean a vertical diversity of the exporting structure, maintain the same structural weaknesses (low added value and sensible to external conditions), of the traditional exporting sectors. On the other hand the exporting dynamism of the Central American countries during the Nineties, was not accompanied by the incorporation of technological progress and increase of productivity but by the operation of static comparative advantages.