Artículos científicos

URI permanente para esta colecciónhttp://10.0.96.45:4000/handle/11056/17882

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Analysis of seismic and acoustic observations at Arenal Volcano, Costa Rica, 1995–1997
(Elsevier Science, 2000-08) Hagerty, M. T.; Schwartz, S.Y.; Garcés, M. A.; Protti, Marino
In November 1995, we installed five, three-component broadband seismometers and electronic tiltmeters around the circumference of Arenal Volcano, a young stratovolcano in Costa Rica that exhibits strombolian activity. With the addition of two continuous-recording GPS receivers deployed in May 1995, these instruments provide continuous monitoring of seismicity and ground deformation at an active volcano over a very wide bandwidth. In addition, during April–May 1997, we deployed a small, linear array of co-located three-component seismometers and broadband microphones. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of all the seismic and acoustic data collected thus far. Seismic signals are primarily of two types: (1) longperiod (1–3 Hz) transients associated with summit explosions; and (2) harmonic tremor that contains regularly spaced spectral peaks (0.9, 1.8, 2.7, 3.6, 4.5, 5.4, 6.3, and 7.1 Hz) and lasts up to several hours. The explosion signals appear to originate in a small volume that is located at shallow depth beneath the vent and does not migrate with time. No unambiguous long-period seismic signals T . 5 s associated with volcanic processes at Arenal have been observed during the three-year deployment period. The spectra of summit explosions show distinct signatures at each site, suggesting significant path and/or site modification of the waveforms. In contrast, the harmonic tremor signals show no variation in the frequency content at the five sites, nor on the three seismic components at each site (Hagerty et al., 1997). This, and the fact that harmonic tremor is recorded in the acoustic channels as well, demonstrates that harmonic tremor is not a seismic propagation effect and that pressure disturbances propagate within the magma–gas mixture inside of volcanic conduits. These pressure waves are sensitive to the flow velocity and to small changes in the gas content of the magma–gas mixture. Observations and synthetic tests are presented that challenge the notion that harmonic tremor is a superposition of repeated gas explosions at shallow depth. We propose that equilibrium degassing of the melt creates a stable, stratified magma column where the void fraction increases with decreasing depth and that disruption of this equilibrium stratification is responsible for observed variations in the seismic efficiency of explosions. q2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Integrated velocity field from ground and satellite geodetic techniques: application to Arenal volcano
(Universidad de Oxford, Reino Unido, 2015) Muller, Cyril; Del Potro, Rodrigo; Biggs, Juliet; Gottsmann, Joachim; Ebmeier, Susanna; Guillaume, Sébastien; Cattin, Paul Henri; Van der Laat, Rodolfo
Measurements of ground deformation can be used to identify and interpret geophysical processes occurring at volcanoes. Most studies rely on a single geodetic technique, or fit a geophysical model to the results of multiple geodetic techniques. Here we present a methodology that combines GPS, Total Station measurements and InSAR into a single reference frame to produce an integrated 3-D geodetic velocity surface without any prior geophysical assumptions. The methodology consists of five steps: design of the network, acquisition and processing of the data, spatial integration of the measurements, time series computation and finally the integration of spatial and temporal measurements. The most significant improvements of this method are (1) the reduction of the required field time, (2) the unambiguous detection of outliers, (3) an increased measurement accuracy and (4) the construction of a 3-D geodetic velocity field. We apply this methodology to ongoing motion on Arenal’s western flank. Integration of multiple measurement techniques at Arenal volcano revealed a deformation field that is more complex than that described by individual geodetic techniques, yet remains consistent with previous studies. This approach can be applied to volcano monitoring worldwide and has the potential to be extended to incorporate other geodetic techniques and to study transient deformation.
Thin-skinned mass-wasting responsible for widespread deformation at Arenal volcano
(Frontiers Media, 2014-12-03) Ebmeier, Susanna; Biggs, Juliet; Muller, Cyril; Avard, Geoffroy
The shape and stability of a volcano’s edifice depends on the relationship between eruption rate and the loss or redistribution of material due to erosion, mass-wasting or deformation. This work provides measurements of deformation and shallow mass-wasting at a stratovolcano immediately after an extended period of growth, and demonstrates that high rates of deformation can be associated with shallow edifice processes. We measure displacements and surface property changes on the upper flanks of Arenal, Costa Rica, after a ~40 year period of edifice growth. We present high-resolution satellite radar imagery of the 2011-2013 period that provides evidence of frequent rockfalls and of at least 16 slow-moving, shallow landslides (estimated to be 5-11m thick, total volume = 2.4 × 107 m3 DRE). The 2012 Nicoya Earthquake (Mw 7.4) had no measurable impact on the velocities of sliding units at Arenal, but did result in an increase in the area affected by rockfall.

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Examinando Artículos científicos por Materia "ARENAL VOLCANO (COSTA RICA)"