Departamento de Física

URI permanente para esta comunidadhttp://10.0.96.45:4000/handle/11056/14434

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Economic Analysis Of Domestic Solar Still In The Climate Of Costa Rica
(Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica), 1990) Nandwani, Shyam S.
-In many communities of the developing countries, including Costa Rica and especially in coastal areas, there exists a shortage of potable water. Taking into account the fact that transportation/distribution of potable water is expensive for these communities and most of these places are blessed with good sunshine, one domestic solar still per family could help in getting fresh water--at least for drinking purposes (say 10 1 per day). Although the design, construction and technical results of three small-scale solar stills studied by the author have been presented in local technical journals, these results are mentioned briefly and are used for the estimation of total quantity of water distilled per year in three different climates of Costa Rica. In one study, estimation of rain water collected over the glass cover of a solar still has also been made as this can be considered as drinkable water where potable water is not available. In the present work, economic analysis of these stills have been made at these places in Costa Rica--not to show that cost of water produced from these stills is expensive compared to a conventional centralised system (including subsidies), but to see how expensive it is. Comparisons have been made with distilled water produced from a domestic electric still. It has been found that the cost of water produced from the solar still is 15 30 times more expensive than sold presently by the centralised system, however, it is far cheaper than produced by the electric still. Another objective of this study was to produce a basis for the construction of various small stills or one big plant for one community, e.g. Island Chira, lacking potable water. Finally, some social benefits of these types of installations at remote places, even though they are expensive, are mentioned.
Patrón de circulación y características de masa de agua área adyacente a la isla del Coco, Costa Rica
(Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica), 2019) Salazar-Ceciliano, Juan Pablo; Vargas-Hernández, José Mauro; Benavides-Morera, Rosario; Tisseaux-Navarro, Alexandre; Cambronero-Solano, Sergio
Resumen. Centrada en 5°N-87°O, la Isla del Coco (IC) es el punto insular más al sur en el Océano Pacífico de la República de Costa Rica. En este estudio se analizan las principales características de las masas de agua alrededor de la IC, así como los campos de velocidad geostrófica para tres transeptos longitudinales. Para ello se utilizó información obtenida durante un crucero hidrográfico llevado a cabo en julio del 2012 dentro del proyecto denominado “Interacciones océano-atmósfera y la biodiversidad marina de la IC, Costa Rica”.
Persistent chlorophyll maxima in the Eastern Tropical North Pacific
(Cornell Tech (Estados Unidos), 2021) Márquez-Artavia, Amaru; Márquez-Artavia, Xiomara M.; Salazar-Ceciliano, Juan P.; Paulmier, Aurélien; Sánchez-Velasco, Laura; Beier, Emilio
Abstract. This study aims to describe the response of two persistent chlorophyll-a maxima to physical processes affecting the thermocline/nitracline position in the Eastern Tropical North Pacific (ETNP). We focused on Long Rossby Waves given their relevance to the ETNP circulation and its potential as a mechanism introducing nutrients into the euphotic zone. We found the shallower chlorophyll-a maximum in oxygenated waters became more intense when denser waters (more nutrients) moved toward the surface. It suggests that isopycnals and nitracline displacements modify the nutrient supply in the euphotic zone, which produces changes in phytoplankton growth. The suboxic and deeper chlorophyll-a maximum showed a strong association with the 26 kg m-3 isopycnal being only mechanically displaced, and its chlorophyll-a content does not seem to covary with irradiance or nutrients. The different responses of the chlorophyll-a maxima could be explained if different phytoplankton groups are associated with them. Long Rossby Waves can affect the position of the thermocline/nitracline and isopycnals in an annual cycle, but it seems to be a “background” signal modulated by higher frequency processes such as mesoscale eddies and other Rossby waves. The co-occurrence of processes can control the nitracline depth, and hence the input of nutrients into the euphotic zone that can cause sporadic enhancements of the chlorophyll-a concentration of one maximum.

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