Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica

URI permanente para esta comunidadhttp://10.0.96.45:4000/handle/11056/14933

El Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica (OVSICORI) de la Universidad Nacional, es un instituto de investigación universitaria dedicado a la investigación de los volcanes, los sismos y otros procesos tectónicos, con el propósito de encontrar aplicaciones útiles a la sociedad que ayuden a mitigar los efectos adversos de esos fenómenos al desarrollo económico y social. Se trata de un observatorio, por cuanto una cantidad considerable de su esfuerzo va orientada a documentar la actividad sísmica, volcánica y la deformación cortical que, a su vez, retroalimenta a las actividades investigativas propias de un instituto de investigación universitaria.

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Página web: www.ovsicori.una.ac.cr

Correo: ovsicori@una.cr

Teléfono: (506) 2562 4001 / (506) 2261 0611 / (506) 2261 0781

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Mostrando 1 - 20 de 55

A long-term record of polythionates in the acid crater-lake of Poás volcano: Changes in the subaqueous input of fumarolic gases
(IAVCEI. General Assembly. Pucón-Chile, 2004-01) Martínez, M.; Van Bergen, M. J.; Fernández, E.; Takano, B.; Malavassi, E.; Barboza, V.; Miura, Y.; Van der Laat, R.; Duarte, E.; Valdés, J.; Sáenz, W.
Active Subduction on Both Coasts of Costa Rica Does not Represent an Important Tsunami Hazard
(2007-05-22) Protti, Marino; González, V.
Along-Arc Variations in Attenuation in the Nicaragua-Costa Rica Mantle Wedge
(2006) Rychert, Catherine; Fischer, K. M.; Abers, G. A.; Syracuse, E.; Protti, Marino; González Salas, V.; Strauch, Wilfried
ANTOLOGÍA SOBRE POLITIONATOS: COMPUESTOS DE AZUFRE EXISTENTES EN LOS LAGOS CRATÉRICOS DE VOLCANES ACTIVOS
(Revista de Vulcanología, Sismología y Tectónica., 1999) Martínez-Cruz, María
En la siguiente recopilación bibliográfica sobre los oxianiones de azufre llamados politionatos, con fórmula general SxO6 2-, se contemplan algunas de sus propiedades físico-químicas, y se hace énfasis principalmente en el hecho de que se ha encontrado que los cambios en la concentración total de los politionatos son un buen indicador de cambios en la actividad fumarólica subacuática de varios lagos cratéricos. La variación en la concentración de los ácidos politiónicos presentes en los lagos cratéricos, se ha observado y relacionado con actividad sísmica y la producción de erupciones freáticas en los volcanes Poás en Costa Rica; Kusatsu Shirane en Japón, y el Ruapehu en Nueva Zelanda. Los oxianiones conteniendo al azufre en varios estados de oxidación han sido encontrados en ambientes tales como fumarolas volcánicas, fuentes termales, en el agua sumamente ácida de algunos lagos cratéricos, sedimentos de lagos, aguas residuales de industrias mineras y solfataras. El monitoreo de la variación en la concentración de ciertas especies químicas en los sistemas volcánicos constituye una herramienta de gran importancia en la predicción de actividad volcánica.
Arsenic in wells at the Guayabo Caldera in Northwest Costa Rica
(International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior, 2018-09) Martínez Cruz, María; Brenes-Navarro, Gilberto; Herrera-Murillo, Jorge
The Guayabo Caldera, a 14 km diameter volcanic depression with Miravalles volcano rising 2028 ma.s.l. in the norte astern side of so called, formed by repeated eruption sand multiple collapses which dis membered earlier volcanoes between 1.5 to 0.6 m.y.ago. The pyroclastic-flow sheets represent more than 30 km 3 of dacitict or hyolitic magma associated to crystal fractionation processes.
Balanced cross sections of the active fila coste, a thrust belt: constraints on the inner forearc response to shallow subduction of the Cocos ridge
(2005) Sitchler, Jason; Fischer, Donald; Gardner, Thomas; Protti, Marino
Co-ideation of disaster preparedness strategies through a participatory design approach: Challenges and opportunities experienced at Turrialba volcano, Costa Rica
(Elsevier, 2015) Van Manen, Saskia; Avard, Geoffroy; Martínez-Cruz, María
Disaster preparedness is key to coping and adaptation during the immediate aftermath of a natural hazard, but the majority of those at risk do not feel prepared. In this participatory action research we investigate the use of a participatory design approach to increase disaster preparedness around Turrialba volcano, Costa Rica. We present a case study of two ideation workshops and explore the process, outcomes, challenges and opportunities during ideation. Socio-cognitive dimensions, specifically risk and responsibility transfer, appear to be important factors influencing the uptake of self-protective measures. Challenges in workshop facilitation were of a human, cultural and resource nature. However, the overall process was successful with participants showing indications of empowerment and a number of pressing design opportunities identified.
Combined GPS, EDM and triangulation surveys of the rapid downslope motion of the western flank of Arenal Volcano, Costa Rica
(2011) Muller, Cyril; Del Potro, R.; Biggs, Juliet; Gottsmann, Joachim; Van der Laat, R.; Ebmeier, S. K.
Here we present initial conclusions of a one year-long combined geodesy campaign on Arenal Volcano, in Costa Rica (2008-2009). Our data shows evidence for an active local tectonic surrounding, and a 7cm/yr displacement field of the western flank of the volcano edifice that is in general agreement with recent INSAR studies. The study shows that a rigorous combination of simultaneous GPS, EDM (Electronic Distance Measurements) and triangulation measurements provide a time-cost effective approach to volcanic monitoring.
Comparación de la composición química de partículas PM10 y PM2,5 colectadas en ambientes urbanos y zonas volcánicas del área metropolitana de Costa Rica
(Revista Ciencias Ambientales, 2014-12) Herrera, Jorge; Rojas, José Félix; Martínez, María; Avard, Geoffroy; De Moore, Martin; Sáenz, Wendy; Beita, Víctor H.; Rodríguez, Agustín; Agüero, Alejandro
Se muestrearon, en forma simultánea, partículas PM10 y PM2,5 en ambientes urbanos y volcánicos del área metropolitana de Costa Rica, durante octubre y noviembre de 2012. En las áreas industriales y comerciales de alto flujo vehicular (La Uruca, Heredia y Belén) se presentaron concentraciones másicas significativamente superiores (42-29 μgm-3) de PM10 y PM2,5 en comparación con las registradas en la zona volcánica. Las concentraciones diarias de PM10 y PM2,5, obtenidas en el volcán Poás variaron entre 3-14 μgm-3 y 2-11 μgm- 3, respectivamente. Sin embargo, la acidez de las partículas colectadas en el Poás es mayor a la acidez correspondiente a ambientes urbanos, debido, probablemente, a una ocurrencia menor de tasas de neutralización. El aporte de iones secundarios resultó ser la principal contribución (40%) a la composición de las PM10 volcánicas, a diferencia de las colectadas en centros urbanos.
Connections between hyper-acid crater lakes and ank springs: New evidence from Rincón de la Vieja Volcano (Costa Rica) and implications for lahar hazard assessment
(2014-09) Martínez Cruz, María; Van Bergen, M. J.; De Moor, J. Maarten; Saénz, W.
Connections between hyper-acid crater lakes and ank springs: New evidence from Rincón de la Vieja Volcano (Costa Rica) and implications for lahar hazard assessment
(2014-09) Martínez Cruz, María; Van Bergen, M. J.; Avard, Geoffroy; De Moor, J. Maarten; Saénz, W.
Constraining Upper Plate Deformation in Nicaragua Through Delineation of the August 3, 2005 Mw 6.3 Strike Slip Earthquake Fault Plane
(2006) French, S. W.; Warren, L. M.; Fischer, K. M.; Abers, G. A.; Strauch, Wilfried; Protti, Marino; González, V.
Crustal Thickness of the Central American Arc
(2007-06-18) Auger, Laura; Abers, Geoff; Syracuse, Ellen; Fischer, Karen; Strauch, Wilfried; Protti, Marino; González, Victor
Crustal Thickness Variations Beneath the Central American Arc
(2006) Auger, L. S.; Abers, G.; Fischer, K.; Protti, Marino; González, Victor; Strauch, Wilfried
El deslizamiento de las Torres del Irazú del 2020 (Costa Rica): antecedentes, colapso y situación actual
(Universidad Nacional, 2020) Muller, Cyril; Pacheco, Javier; Angarita, Mario; Alvarado, Guillermo; Sánchez, Blas; Avard, Geoffroy
El presente trabajo presenta un recuento de las investigaciones que se realizaron desde el 2011 en el sector inestable conocido como las Torres del Irazú, sobre uno de los deslizamientos mejor estudiados a nivel mundial mediante diferentes técnicas (observación visual, monitoreo con GPS, sismología, fotogrametría, elementos finitos). Se incluye, además, un recuento histórico entre la comparación de su volumen y pronóstico estimado con respecto a su real colapso ocurrido en la madrugada del 26 de agosto del 2020, cuando un volumen preliminar de 25 millones de metros cúbicos fue movilizado en la cuenca alta del río Sucio. El colapso dejó una corona con una cicatriz de unos 250 m de altura y una masa caótica de detritos volcánicos y de arbustos con bloques flotantes y pendientes laterales fuertes en el depósito. Nuevas grietas se establecieron hasta 260 m atrás de la corona dejada del megadeslizamiento, que definen un posible nuevo bloque inestable. Se reestableció el sistema de vigilancia GPS, de observación visual y se vierten una serie de recomendaciones para la reubicación de las torres dentro de dicho bloque, así como continuar con los estudios del material deslizado y sus efectos en la cuenca, así como del nuevo bloque establecido donde se ubican todavía varias torres.
Extremely high diversity of sulfate minerals in caves of the Irazú Volcano (Costa Rica) related to crater lake and fumarolic activity
(International Journal of Speleology, 2018-05) Ulloa, Andrés; Gázquez, Fernando; Sanz-Arranz, Aurelio; Medina, Jesús; Rull, Fernando; Calaforra, José María; Alvarado, Guillermo E.; Martínez, María; Avard, Geoffroy; De Moor, J. Maarten; De Waele, Jo
The caves of the Irazú volcano (Costa Rica), became accessible after the partial collapse of the NW sector of the Irazú volcano in 1994, offering the opportunity to investigate active minerogenetic processes in volcanic cave environments. We performed a detailed mineralogical and geochemical study of speleothems in the caves Cueva los Minerales and Cueva Los Mucolitos, both located in the northwest foothills of the main crater. Mineralogical analyses included X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy, while geochemical characterization used Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) coupled to Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). In addition, measurements of environmental parameters in the caves, cave drip water and compilation of geochemical analyses of the Irazú volcanic lake (~150 m above the cave level) and fumarole analyses were conducted between 1991 and 2014. We identified forty-eight different mineral phases, mostly rare hydrated sulfates of the alunite, halotrichite, copiapite, kieserite and rozenite groups, thirteen of which are described here as cave minerals for the first time. This includes the first occurrence in cave environments of aplowite, bieberite, boyleite, dietrichite, ferricopiapite, ferrinatrite, lausenite, lishizhenite, magnesiocopiapite, marinellite, pentahydrite, szomolnokite, and wupatkiite. The presence of other new cave minerals such as tolbachite, mercallite, rhomboclase, cyanochroite, and retgersite, is likely but could not be confirmed by various mineralogical techniques. Uplifting of sulfurous gases, water seepage from the Irazú volcanic lake and hydrothermal interactions with the volcanic host rock are responsible for such extreme mineralogical diversity. These findings make the caves of the Irazú volcano a world-type- reference locality for investigations on the formation and assemblage of sulfate minerals and the biogeochemical cycle of sulfur, with potential implications for Astrobiology and Planetary science.
Fluorosis dental en la población infantil en las cercanías del Volcán Irazú, Costa Rica
(Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica, 2014) Rojas Zúñiga, Floricelle; Floor, Geerke H.; Malavassi, Eduardo; Martínez Cruz, María; Van Bergen, Manfred
Póster presentado en el XX Congreso Latinoamericano de Estudiantes de Ingeniería Química
Gas measurements from the Costa Rica–Nicaragua volcanic segment suggest possible along-arc variations in volcanic gas chemistry
(Elsevier, 2014) Aiuppa, A.; Robidoux, P.; Tamburello, G.; Conde, V.; Galle, B.; Avard, G.; Bagnato, E.; De Moor, J. M.; Martínez, M.; Muñoz, A.
Obtaining accurate estimates of the CO2output from arc volcanism requires a precise understanding of the potential along-arc variations in volcanic gas chemistry, and ultimately of the magmatic gas signature of each individual arc segment. In an attempt to more fully constrain the magmatic gas signature of the Central America Volcanic Arc (CAVA), we present here the results of a volcanic gas survey performed during March and April 2013 at five degassing volcanoes within the Costa Rica–Nicaragua volcanic segment (CNVS). Observations of the volcanic gas plume made with a multicomponent gas analyzer system (Multi-GAS) have allowed characterization of the CO2/SO2-ratio signature of the plumes at Poás (0.30 ±0.06, mean ±SD), Rincón de la Vieja (27.0 ±15.3), and Turrialba (2.2 ±0.8) in Costa Rica, and at Telica (3.0 ±0.9) and San Cristóbal (4.2 ±1.3) in Nicaragua (all ratios on molar basis). By scaling these plume compositions to simultaneously measured SO2fluxes, we estimate that the CO2outputs at CNVS volcanoes range from low (25.5 ±11.0tons/day at Poás) to moderate (918 to 1270 tons/day at Turrialba). These results add a newinformation to the still fragmentary volcanic CO2output data set, and allow estimating the total CO2output from the CNVS at 2835 ±1364tons/day. Our novel results, with previously available information about gas emissions in Central America, are suggestive of distinct volcanic gas CO2/ST(=SO2+H2S)-ratio signature for magmatic volatiles in Nicaragua (∼3) relative to Costa Rica (∼0.5–1.0). We also provide additional evidence for the earlier theory relating the CO2-richer signature of Nicaragua volcanism to increased contributions from slab-derived fluids, relative to more-MORB-like volcanism in Costa Rica. The sizeable along-arc variations in magmatic gas chemistry that the present study has suggested indicate that additional gas observations are urgently needed to more-precisely confine the volcanic CO2from the CAVA, and from global arc volcanism.
Geophysical, geochemical and geodetical signals of reawakening at Turrialba volcano (Costa Rica) after almost 150 years of quiescence
(Elsevier, 2010-11) Martini, F.; Tassi, F.; Vaselli, O.; Del Potro, R.; Martínez, M.; Van der Laat, R.; Fernández, E.
Turrialba is a basaltic–andesitic stratovolcano (3340 masl), in the Cordillera Volcánica Central in Costa Rica. After the last eruption (1864–1866), volcanic manifestations were limited to weak fumarolic discharge (continuous since 1980) from the summit. From 1996 onward, the degassing activity has progressively been increasing, reaching its climax after 2005. New fumaroles have appeared in the Central and West summit craters, the latter now being the most active, and in the fracture system in between, showing sulphur deposits and progressively increasing degassing rate. In 2004, fumaroles and new fissures have appeared on the SW outer and SSW distal flanks, the latter being located along a major NE-oriented tectonic lineament. Fumarolic temperatures at the bottom of the West crater have increased from 88 to 282 °C in early 2008. Changes in chemical and isotopic compositions of discharged fluids have shown a progressive enhancing of the magmatic signature since 2001. Since late 2007, SO2 flux, measured with mini-DOAS, has increased two orders of magnitude (1 t/day in 2002 to 740 t/day in January 2008). The enhanced gas discharge at Turrialba volcano has caused significant interference on tropospheric O3 measurements at 2–3 km altitude ~50 kmWfrom the volcano. Seismic swarms followed an increasing trend consistent with that of the fumaroles. The maximum seismic activity to date, up to thousands of events/day, was recorded in mid 2007. An inflationary trend was observed in the crater area. In this paper we present for the first time all the available data on the activity of Turrialba volcano. New geophysical, geodetical and geochemical data and published geophysical and geochemical data are presented and discussed as a whole. The multidisciplinary approach indicated that from 1996 to 2009 three stages, deriving by the delicate equilibrium between the hydrothermal and the magmatic reservoirs, were recognized. The magmatic-dominated phase is still prevailing as evidenced by the fact that, while completing the present paper, on the 4th of January 2010 at 16.57 (GMT) a loud explosion occurred at the West crater and was followed by three others spaced out every 10 min. These events were interpreted as associated with phreatic eruptions.
Halogen activation in the plume of Masaya volcano: field observations and box model investigations
(Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2020) Rüdiger, Julian; Gutmann, Alexandra; Bobrowski, Nicole; Liotta, Marcello; De Moor, J. Maarten; Sander, Rolf; Dinger, Florian; Tirpitz, Jan-Lukas; Ibarra, Martha; Saballos, Armando; Martínez, María; Mendoza, Elvis; Ferrufino, Arnoldo; Stix, John; Valdés, Juan; Castro, Jonathan M.; Hoffmann, Thorsten
Volcanic emissions are a source of halogens to the atmosphere. Rapid reactions convert the initially emitted hydrogen halides (HCl, HBr, HI) into reactive species e.g. BrO, Br2, BrCl, ClO, OClO and IO. The activation reaction mechanisms in the plume consume ozone (O3), which is entrained by in-mixed ambient air. In this study, we present observations of the oxidation of bromine, chlorine and iodine during the first 11 minutes after emission, investigating the 25 plume of Santiago Crater of Masaya volcano in Nicaragua. Two field campaigns were conducted, in July 2016 and September 2016. The sum of the reactive species of the respective halogens were determined by gas diffusion denuder sampling followed by GC-MS analysis, while the total amounts of halogens and sulfur amounts were obtained by alkaline trap sampling with subsequent IC and ICP-MS measurements. Both ground and airborne sampling with an unmanned aerial vehicle (including a denuder sampler in combination with an electrochemical SO2 sensor) was performed at different distances from the crater rim. 30 The in-situ measurements were accompanied by remote sensing observations (DOAS). For bromine, the reactive fraction increased from 0.20 ± 0.13 at the crater rim to 0.76 ± 0.26 at 2.8 km downwind, while chlorine showed an increase of the reactive fraction from (2.7±0.7)×10-4 to (11±3)×10-4 in the first 750 m. Additionally, a reactive iodine fraction of 0.3 at the crater rim and 0.9 at 2.8 km was measured. No significant increase in BrO/SO2 molar ratios was observed with the estimated age of the observed plume ranging from 1.4 min to 11.1 min. This study presents a comprehensive gas diffusion denuder data 35 set on reactive halogen species and compares BrO/SO2 ratios with the sum of all reactive Br species. With the observed field data, a chemistry box model (CAABA/MECCA) enabled the reproduction of the observed progression of the reactive bromine to total bromine ratio. An observed contribution of BrO to the reactive bromine fraction of about 10 % was reproduced in the first minutes of the model run. The model results emphasize the importance of ozone entrainment into the plume for the reproduction of the measured reactive bromine formation and the dependence on the availability of HXOY and NOX.

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