Opening the “black box” of decision-making for climate change adaptation at the local level
Fecha
2025-12-10
Autores
Luis Diego Segura Ramirez
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Editor
Maastricht University
Resumen
El cambio climático es uno de los principales desafíos globales del siglo XXI. Desde el deshielo del permafrost y las precipitaciones intensas hasta las sequías, inundaciones e incendios forestales, los daños a la infraestructura, la migración humana y el desplazamiento forzado, entre otros, constituyen solo algunas de las numerosas consecuencias que ya se sienten en todo el mundo y que continuarán agravándose en los años venideros. Dado que evitar el cambio climático ya no es una opción, el Panel Intergubernamental sobre el Cambio Climático enfatiza la urgencia de la acción de adaptación, reconociendo que las medidas precautorias y anticipatorias son más efectivas y menos costosas que las soluciones de emergencia de última hora. Al llevar a cabo los procesos de adaptación al cambio climático y de gestión de riesgos, los tomadores de decisiones deben responder a preguntas tales como: ¿Debe adaptarse?, ¿a qué adaptarse?, ¿cuándo hacerlo?, ¿cómo hacerlo?, ¿quién debe adaptarse? y ¿quién debe asumir los costos de la adaptación? Estas y otras preguntas que surgen durante el proceso están cargadas de normatividad, en la que los actores participantes interactúan para orientar las respuestas a estas preguntas de acuerdo con sus respectivos marcos de referencia. Por lo tanto, muchos aspectos del proceso de toma de decisiones para la adaptación al cambio climático serán impugnados por distintas partes interesadas, que sostendrán visiones contrapuestas sobre el problema y las posibles soluciones. Estas deben abordarse para avanzar y alcanzar acuerdos, y así pasar a la fase de implementación. En consecuencia, distintos autores han llamado a la necesidad de "abrir la caja negra de la toma de decisiones" para comprender mejor por qué ocurren barreras en todo proceso de políticas relacionado con la adaptación al cambio climático; más que solo intentar resolverlas, lo necesario es entender por qué aparecen dentro del proceso decisorio. Al revelar qué marcos están en juego y cómo influyen en las políticas de adaptación, podemos comprender mejor por qué surgen problemas específicos en su formulación e implementación...
Climate change is one of the main global challenges of the 21st century. From permafrost thawing and intense rainfall to droughts, floods, and forest fires, damage to infrastructure, human migration, and forced displacement, among others, are just some of the many consequences that are already being felt around the world and will continue to worsen in the coming years. Given that avoiding climate change is no longer an option, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change emphasizes the urgency of adaptation action, recognizing that precautionary and anticipatory measures are more effective and less costly than last-minute emergency solutions. When carrying out climate change adaptation and risk management processes, decision-makers must answer questions such as: Should we adapt? What should we adapt to? When should we do it? How should we do it? Who should adapt? And who should bear the costs of adaptation? These and other questions that arise during the process are fraught with normativity, in which the participating actors interact to guide the answers to these questions according to their respective frames of reference. Therefore, many aspects of the decision-making process for climate change adaptation will be challenged by different stakeholders, who will hold conflicting views on the problem and possible solutions. These must be addressed in order to move forward and reach agreements, and thus move on to the implementation phase. Consequently, various authors have called for the need to “open the black box of decision-making” to better understand why barriers occur in any policy process related to climate change adaptation; rather than just trying to solve them, it is necessary to understand why they appear within the decision-making process. By revealing which frameworks are at play and how they influence adaptation policies, we can better understand why specific problems arise in their formulation and implementation. As a developing tropical region, Central America is among the most vulnerable to current climate variability and future climate change...
Climate change is one of the main global challenges of the 21st century. From permafrost thawing and intense rainfall to droughts, floods, and forest fires, damage to infrastructure, human migration, and forced displacement, among others, are just some of the many consequences that are already being felt around the world and will continue to worsen in the coming years. Given that avoiding climate change is no longer an option, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change emphasizes the urgency of adaptation action, recognizing that precautionary and anticipatory measures are more effective and less costly than last-minute emergency solutions. When carrying out climate change adaptation and risk management processes, decision-makers must answer questions such as: Should we adapt? What should we adapt to? When should we do it? How should we do it? Who should adapt? And who should bear the costs of adaptation? These and other questions that arise during the process are fraught with normativity, in which the participating actors interact to guide the answers to these questions according to their respective frames of reference. Therefore, many aspects of the decision-making process for climate change adaptation will be challenged by different stakeholders, who will hold conflicting views on the problem and possible solutions. These must be addressed in order to move forward and reach agreements, and thus move on to the implementation phase. Consequently, various authors have called for the need to “open the black box of decision-making” to better understand why barriers occur in any policy process related to climate change adaptation; rather than just trying to solve them, it is necessary to understand why they appear within the decision-making process. By revealing which frameworks are at play and how they influence adaptation policies, we can better understand why specific problems arise in their formulation and implementation. As a developing tropical region, Central America is among the most vulnerable to current climate variability and future climate change...
Descripción
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ADAPTACIÓN, CAMBIO CLIMÁTICO, CAJA NEGRA, EMERGENCIA, ADAPTATION, BLACK BOX, CLIMATE CHANGE, EMERGENCY
