Evidencias de validez y fiabilidad de la Escala de Medición de Competencias de Empleabilidad (EMCE) en la población estudiantil de la Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Fecha
2024-07-29
Autores
Rodríguez-Ávila, Alisson
Gutiérrez-Valerio, Stéfany
Chavarría-Guevara, Daniela
Jiménez-Ulate, Josué
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Editor
Colegio de Profesionales en Orientación
Resumen
El artículo se refiere a las evidencias de validez y fiabilidad de la escala de medición de competencias de empleabilidad en estudiantes del tercer y cuarto nivel del bachillerato del 2022, en carreras acreditadas de la Universidad Nacional. Metodología: Se fundamenta en el paradigma cuantitativo, con un diseño no experimental y un alcance descriptivo. La muestra incluyó 335 estudiantes activos de carreras acreditadas en el II ciclo lectivo del 2022. El diseño de la EMCE contempló tres fases: a) determinación del perfil de competencias de empleabilidad, b) estandarización de competencias de empleabilidad y c) instrumentalización de la escala. Se empleó el análisis estadístico para la obtención de las evidencias de validez y fiabilidad con el software Jamovi en su versión 2.4.14. Resultados: La validez de contenido por juicio de expertos mostró que la EMCE cumple con los criterios de claridad, coherencia, relevancia y suficiencia. La validación de estructura interna, con la Prueba de Bartlett (< .001) y el Índice KMO (0.919), indicaron que es apropiado la realización el Análisis Factorial Exploratorio (AFE). El AFE indica que los primeros 3 factores logran explicar 40.6% de la variabilidad del constructo de la EMCE. La fiabilidad presentó un coeficiente de Alfa de Cronbach (0.94) y un coeficiente omega de McDonald (0.943) confirmando una alta consistencia interna. Conclusiones: La EMCE demuestra ser una herramienta válida y fiable para medir las competencias de empleabilidad en el estudiantado universitario según los criterios de desempeño predefinidos.
This article presents evidence of validity and reliability of the scale for measuring employability skills in students of the third and fourth level of high school in 2022, in accredited courses of the National University. Methodology: It is based on the quantitative paradigm, with a non-experimental design and a descriptive scope. The sample included 335 active students in the II school year of 2022. The design of the EMCE included three phases: a) determination of the profile of employability competencies, b) standardization of employability competencies, and c) instrumentation of the scale. The statistical analysis of validity and reliability was performed using Jamovi software in version 2.4.14. Results: Content validity by expert judgment showed that the EMCE meets the criteria of clarity, coherence, relevance, and sufficiency. The validation of internal structure, with the Bartlett Test (< .001) and the KMO Index (0.919), indicated that Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) is appropriate. The EFA suggests that the first three factors manage to explain 40.6% of the variability of the EMCE construct. Reliability presented a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (0.94) and a McDonald’s omega coefficient (0.943), confirming high internal consistency. Conclusions: The EMCE proves to be a valid and reliable tool to measure employability skills in university students according to predefined performance criteria
This article presents evidence of validity and reliability of the scale for measuring employability skills in students of the third and fourth level of high school in 2022, in accredited courses of the National University. Methodology: It is based on the quantitative paradigm, with a non-experimental design and a descriptive scope. The sample included 335 active students in the II school year of 2022. The design of the EMCE included three phases: a) determination of the profile of employability competencies, b) standardization of employability competencies, and c) instrumentation of the scale. The statistical analysis of validity and reliability was performed using Jamovi software in version 2.4.14. Results: Content validity by expert judgment showed that the EMCE meets the criteria of clarity, coherence, relevance, and sufficiency. The validation of internal structure, with the Bartlett Test (< .001) and the KMO Index (0.919), indicated that Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) is appropriate. The EFA suggests that the first three factors manage to explain 40.6% of the variability of the EMCE construct. Reliability presented a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (0.94) and a McDonald’s omega coefficient (0.943), confirming high internal consistency. Conclusions: The EMCE proves to be a valid and reliable tool to measure employability skills in university students according to predefined performance criteria
Descripción
Palabras clave
COMPETENCIA (APTITUD), EMPLEO, ENSEÑANZA SUPERIOR, VALOR, MEDICION, COMPETENCE (APTITUDE), EMPLOYMENT, HIGHER EDUCATION, VALUE, MEASUREMENT
